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Name: ………………………………………….. The Cell and Cell Division Exercises 1. Explain what is meant by a cell. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Distinguish between the nucleus and the nucleolus. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. Outline three differences between a plant cell and an animal cell. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Which of the structures listed are found in each of the categories below: Cytoplasm Vacuole Nucleus Chloroplasts Mitochondrion Starch Grains Chromosomes Cell wall Cell Membrane In animal cells only 5. In plant cells only In both animal and plant cells Distinguish between a tissue and an organ. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. What are the main differences between Xylem and Phloem. Name: ………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. Describe the three types of animal muscle and explain where they are found in the human body. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. Distinguish between haploid and diploid. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. Draw a labelled diagram of an animal cell during anaphase of mitosis. 10. In the human body, how many chromosomes exist in each of the following cells. a) A brain cell …………………… b) A cheek cell …………………… c) A sperm cell …………………… d) An egg just produced by the ovaries ………………… e) A fertilised egg ………………… Name: ………………………………………….. f) A hair cell ………………… Name: ………………………………………….. 11. Name two types of cancers and describe three ways of treating cancerous cells. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12. A species has a chromosome number of 8 in a root cell. How many would you expect to find in pollen grains and why? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13. What does DNA stand for? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14. Distinguish between DNA and RNA in both structure and function. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15. Name the four bases found in DNA and outline the complementary base pairs. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ***************************************
