Download Topic 7 Additional Documents

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Unit 7.1 Homework—DNA Structure
7.1.1 What is the structure of DNA including antiparallel strands, 3’-5’ linkages, and
hydrogen bonding between purines and pyrimadines?
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7.1.2 What is the structure of nucleosomes?
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7.1.3 How do nucleosomes help to regulate transcription?
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7.1.4 Distinguish between unique or single-copy genes and highly repetitive sequences
of nuclear DNA.
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.1 Homework – DNA Structure
7.1.5 What can contain exons and introns?
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Unit 7.1 Activity—Finding the Structure of DNA
Purpose: To learn more about the discovery of DNA.
Procedure: go to the web site:
http://www.dnai.org/a/index.html
1. At the bottom left, click on the pink box that says, “Finding The Structure”.
2. Then at the top, click on the hyperlink, “Problem”.
3. Go through the slides, and answer the questions below:
1)
What was the source of Friedrich Miescher’s crude isolation on DNA?
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2)
What was Phoebus Levene’s contribution to the discovery of DNA?
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3)
Before 1944, why did many scientists doubt that DNA was the molecule of
life?
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4)
Which organism did Oswald Avery use to illustrate his “Transforming
Principle”?
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For further enrichment, continue with the following modules:
 Players
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
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Pieces of the Puzzle (click on each puzzle piece)
Putting it Together
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.2 Homework—DNA Replication
7.2.1 Explain the direction in which DNA replication occurs.
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7.2.2 Explain the process of DNA replication.
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7.2.3 State that in eukaryotic chromosomes, replication is initiated at many points
simultaneously.
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Unit 7.2 Activity—Copying The Code
Purpose: To learn more about the discovery of DNA replication.
Procedure: Go to the following web site:
http://www.dnai.org/a/index.html
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At the bottom, click on the pink box that says, “Copying the Code”.
Then at the top, click on the hyperlink, “Problem”.
Go through the slides, and answer the questions below:
1) In Watson and Cricks original paper, published in 1953, what inference did they
make at the end?
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2) Which two questions arose from the publishing of this paper?
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3) One month later, Watson and Crick published a second paper. What was
suggested in this paper?
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For further enrichment, continue with the following modules:
 Players
 Pieces of the Puzzle (click on each puzzle piece)
 Putting it Together
8
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.3 Homework—Transcription
7.3.1 Explain in what direction transcription is a carried out.
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7.3.2 What is the difference between the sense and anti-sense strands of DNA?
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7.3.3 What is the process of transcription?
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7.3.4 State that eukaryotic RNA needs the removal of introns to form mature mRNA.
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7.3.5 State that only a small proportion of the DNA in the nucleus constitutes genes.
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.3 Homework—Transcription
7.3.6 Outline the lac operon model as an example of the control of gene expression in
prokaryotes.
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7.3.7 What does reverse transcriptase catalyze?
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7.3.8 Explain how reverse transcriptase is used in molecular biology.
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as part of the Expert Systems for Teachers™ Series
Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.3 Activity—Reading the Code
Purpose: To learn more about the discovery of transcription.
Procedure: Go to the following web site:
http://www.dnai.org/a/index.html
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At the bottom, click on the pink box that says, “Reading the Code”.
Then at the top, click on the hyperlink, “Problem”.
Go through the slides, and answer the questions below:
1) What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?
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2) Where are changes in DNA reflected?
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3) How many different amino acids are there?
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4) What was the big biological challenge of the 1960’s?
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For further enrichment, continue with the following modules:
 Players
 Pieces of the Puzzle (click on each puzzle piece)
 Putting it Together
IB Biology by Karen Zohar © published by TEACHINGpoint
as part of the Expert Systems for Teachers™ Series
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
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IB Biology by Karen Zohar © published by TEACHINGpoint
as part of the Expert Systems for Teachers™ Series
Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.4 Homework—Translation
7.4.1 How does the structure of tRNA allow recognition by a tRNA-activating enzyme
that binds a specific amino acid to tRNA?
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7.4.2 What is the structure of ribosomes, including protein and RNA composition?
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7.4.3 State that translation consists of initiation, elongation, and termination.
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7.4.4 State that translation occurs in a 5’3’ direction.
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.4 Homework –Translation
7.4.5 What is the process of translation including ribosomes, polysomes, and start and
stop codons?
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7.4.6 What is the difference between free ribosomes and bound ribosomes?
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IB Biology by Karen Zohar © published by TEACHINGpoint
as part of the Expert Systems for Teachers™ Series
Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.4 Activity—Controlling the Code
Purpose: To learn more about the discovery of translation.
Procedure: Go to the following web site:
http://www.dnai.org/a/index.html
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

At the bottom, click on the pink box that says, “Reading the Code”.
Then at the top, click on the hyperlink, “Problem”.
Go through the slides, and answer the questions below:
1) Why is it important to control how proteins are made?
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2) What is just as important as how much protein is made?
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3) In the 1960’s, which metabolic pathway was studied in bacteria?
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4) How is DNA packaged?
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For further enrichment, continue with the following modules:
 Players
 Pieces of the Puzzle (click on each puzzle piece)
 Putting it Together
IB Biology by Karen Zohar © published by TEACHINGpoint
as part of the Expert Systems for Teachers™ Series
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
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IB Biology by Karen Zohar © published by TEACHINGpoint
as part of the Expert Systems for Teachers™ Series
Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.5 Homework—Proteins
7.5.1 What are the four levels of protein structure, including each level’s significance?
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7.5.2 What is the difference between fibrous and globular proteins, with reference to
two examples of each protein type?
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7.5.3 What is the significance of polar and non-polar amino acids?
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7.5.4 What are the four functions of proteins? Give a named example of each.
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IB Biology by Karen Zohar © published by TEACHINGpoint
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Unit 7.5 Activity—Protein Structure
Purpose: To clarify how protein is structured.
Procedure: Go to the following web site:
http://www.otterbein.edu/home/fac/dnhjhns/chem220/tutorial3/tutorial3.html
Scroll through each of the screens, and answer the questions below. At the bottom of
each screen is a “Next” button.
1) List three amino acids which are polar.
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2) How can the same two amino acids form different dipeptides?
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3) List the four types of protein structure.
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4) What determines primary structure?
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5) What determines secondary structure?
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.5 Lab—Protein Structure
4) List four ways in which the tertiary structure of a protein may occur.
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5) What is one unique quality of quaternary structure?
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.6 Homework—Enzymes
7.6.1 State that metabolic pathways consist of chains and cycles of enzyme catalyzed
reactions.
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7.6.2 Describe the induced fit model.
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7.6.3 Describe what enzymes do to the activation energy of the chemical reactions they
catalyze.
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7.6.4 Explain the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition, with
reference to one example of each.
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IB Biology by Karen Zohar © published by TEACHINGpoint
as part of the Expert Systems for Teachers™ Series
Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
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Unit 7.6 Homework—Enzymes
7.6.5 What is the role of allostery in the control of metabolic pathways by end-product
inhibition?
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
Unit 7.6 Activity—Interactive Enzyme Curve
Purpose: To differentiate the different energy components involved in enzyme catalysis.
Procedure: Go to the following website:
http://biog-101-104.bio.cornell.edu/BIOG101_104/tutorials/enzymes/rxn1_fs.html
(In the web address above, there is an underscore “_” between
BIOG101 and 104, and rxn1 and fs.html)
Draw below the enzyme curve you see on the screen. Be sure to label the axis, as well as
the parts of the curve using the appropriate letters.
Work through the tutorial, and place the correct answers below:
1) Free energy of the reactants: __________
b+c
2) Free energy of the products: __________
b
3) This reaction is ___________________________ exergonic/sponaneous
4) ∆G of this reaction = _______
5) ∆G if this reaction is _______
b
negative
6) Activation energy equals _______ a
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Name ___________________________________________ Period _________ Date________________
7) Enzyme catalysis affects _______ a
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