Download South Pasadena • Chemistry Name Period Date 3 · Organic

South Pasadena • Chemistry
Name
Period
Date
3 · Organic Chemistry
UNIT
3.1 Hydrocarbons
I can:
 Represent a hydrocarbon (alkane, alkene, or
alkyne) using its molecular formula and
structural formula.
 Know that hydrocarbons are good fuels and give
household examples.
 Build models of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes
using a molecular model kit.
o A double bond uses two carbon atoms
connected by two springs.
o A triple bond using two carbon atoms
connected by three springs.
 State the bonding capacity of C, H, O, Cl, Br,
and I.
 Describe characteristics of alkanes, alkenes, and
alkynes. To do this, I can:
o State that
all single bonds end with
follow the
are called
“-ane”
formula
alkanes
CnX2n+2
one double bond end with
follow the
are called
“-ene” formula CnX2n
alkenes
one triple bond end with
follow the
are called
“-yne”
formula
alkynes
CnX2n-2
(X represents H, F, Cl, Br, or I)
o Know the bond angle of H−C−C bond for
alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
o Demonstrate that double and triple bonds
cannot rotate like a single bond.
o State that “saturated” means “saturated with
hydrogens” and describes alkanes. State
that alkenes, alkynes, and cyclic
hydrocarbons are all “unsaturated.”
 Given a formula, recognize whether the
molecule is an alkane, alkene, or alkyne.
3
STUDY LIST
 Write the name of a hydrocarbon given its
structural formula, and vice versa. To do this, I
can:
o List prefixes 1 – 10 (meth-, eth-, prop-, but-,
etc.)
o Identify the longest carbon chain, or “parent
chain.” Remember that the parent chain can
be bent.
o Start numbering carbons of a parent chain
where there are more side groups.
o Know the names of side groups:
methyl –CH3 ethyl –C2H5
fluoro –F
chloro –Cl
bromo –Br
iodo –I
o State that “tetramethyl” means 4 methyl
groups, “trimethyl” means 3 groups,
“dimethyl” means 2 groups.
3.2 Isomers
 Recognize whether two compounds are isomers.
 Draw and name isomers of unsubstituted alkanes
by rearranging the carbon skeleton.
 Draw and name isomers of substituted
hydrocarbons, by moving the side group to a
different carbon.
 Draw and name isomers of alkenes and alkynes
by moving the double or triple bond.
 Demonstrate cis- and trans- isomerism using
dichloroethene, C2H2Cl2.
3.3 Functional Groups
I can:
3.4 Organic Reactions: Condensation
 State the “big idea” that various types of
compounds (alcohols, ethers, etc.) have atoms in
common (called functional groups).
 In a compound containing oxygen, identify the
functional group.
Single-Bonded O
alcohol
ether (bunny)
Reactions and Combustion
I can:
 Show how compounds can combine by
removing water: a “condensation reaction.”
 State that ester formation (esterification) consists
of:
Carboxylic Acid + Alcohol  Ester + H2O
 Given a carboxylic acid and alcohol, write the
products of an esterification reaction.
Double-Bonded O
carboxylic acid
ester
 State that protein synthesis involves:
Amino Acid + Amino Acid  Protein + H2O
 Know that a polymer (“poly” means many,
Single & Double-Bonded O
aldehyde
“mer” means parts) consists of many repeating
parts.
ketone
 State natural examples of polymers such as
proteins (many amino acids), carbohydrates
(many sugar units), and Nylon (many
difunctional monomers).
amine
“R” = “Rest of the
molecule”
[Officially, “R” =
“Residue” or “Radical”.]
 State examples of these compounds in daily life.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
methyl alcohol or methanol
ethyl alcohol or ethanol
rubbing alcohol, or isopropyl alcohol
formaldehyde or methanal
acetone or propanone
diethylether
formic acid or methanoic acid
acetic acid or ethanoic acid
methylamine
amino acids
 State that combustion is another name for
burning.
 State the basic equation for the combustion
reaction:
fuel + O2  CO2 + H2O
 Write the balanced equation for the combustion
of a given organic compound.