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Name : ________________ Date: _______ Biology 11 Unit 1 - : Review #2 UNIT # 1 ADAPTATION AND EVOLUTION (Learning Outcome A0 - A1) Complete the reading first : "Proteins/Nucleic Acids" – Handout and use filled in Notes #2 as well. L.O. A – 0 Intro To The Importance Of DNA: ___ 1. List two specific examples of your cells making proteins. ___ 2. Name the three main nutrient groups/chemicals used by cells. ___ 3. What are the basic building blocks that make up a protein molecule? ___ 4. Many of the proteins/enzymes that a cell makes are crucial for the cell to properly work, what does the cell have (use) in order to help it build these proteins properly? ___ 5 How many different amino acids are there, and give an example of how many amino acids would have to be linked together in the proper sequence to make a typical single large protein? ___ 6. If the sequence of amino acids is so little as one amino acid off (out of place), the results can be devastating. Summarize Linus Pauling’s discovery (handout) ___ 7. If you look at one protein/enzyme common to all aerobic organisms, in general, what does Table 1.2 illustrate. (see p. 47 of reading handout) L.O. A – 1 Describe the Structure and Location of DNA ___ 1. What does "D.N.A." stand for? ___ 2. What three molecules make up a DNA nucleotide? ___ 3. DNA is double stranded and takes on a spiral shape called a ______________. ___ 4. What is the only difference between the four different DNA nucleotides? ___ 5. What is the name of the sugar found in a DNA nucleotide? ___ 6. Draw a basic shape of a purine base, and give the name of both purines. ___ 7. Draw a basic shape of a pyrimidine base, and give the name of both pyrimidines. ___ 8. A purine base will always complimentary base pair with what type of base? ___9. Thymine always joins to ____________. ___10. Cytosine always joins to ______________. ___11. What type of bonding holds complementary base pairs together? ___12. What is significant about a set of three bases in a row, called a codon? ___13. What makes up the vertical rails of a DNA ‘ladder”? ___14. What makes up the horizontal rungs of a DNA ‘ladder”? ___15. Normally, DNA is found in a long string wrapped around spherical proteins called histones, what is the name of this thicker string? ___16. What must happen to DNA just prior to cell division, and what is the proper name for this process? ___17. How many chromosomes do humans have? ___18. What is the definition of a gene? The information on the back side is for next day's class.