Download Disorders and Treatment Exam – Due Jan. 5th 1. Rational

Disorders and Treatment Exam – Due Jan. 5th
1.
Rational-emotive behavior therapy is a type of ________ therapy.
a.
insight
b.
cognitive-behavioral
c.
psychoanalytic
d.
humanistic
e.
biomedical
2.
In which disorder does a person seem to experience at least two or more distinct personalities existing in one body?
a.
schizophrenia
b.
panic disorder
c.
depersonalization
d.
dissociative identity disorder
e.
illness anxiety disorder
3.
A ________ is able to prescribe drugs for mental disorders.
a.
psychiatrist
b.
clinical social worker
c.
clinical psychologist
d.
counseling psychologist
e.
pastoral counselor
4.
A person who is suffering from disorganized thinking, delusions, and hallucinations and who is unable to distinguish between
fantasy and reality is likely suffering from
a.
schizophrenia.
b.
bipolar disorder.
c.
a dissociative disorder.
d.
passive-aggressive personality.
e.
conversion disorder.
5.
Phoebe locks herself in her bedroom and refuses to see her family or go to work. Phoebe is displaying the ________ indicator
of abnormality.
a.
unconventionality
b.
irrationality
c.
maladaptiveness
d.
observer discomfort
e.
unpredictability
6.
A therapist challenges what she sees as her client's irrational and self-defeating thoughts. Her goal is to help her client change
these thoughts into more rational, helpful, positive thoughts. In addition, she wants to help her client develop strategies that
can be used to cope with future problems. She is probably a ________ therapist.
a.
cognitive-behavioral
b.
client-centered
c.
psychoanalytic
d.
Gestalt
e.
participant modeling
7.
The ________ refers to the notion that genetic factors put a person at risk for schizophrenia but environmental stress factors
trigger the disorder itself.
a.
interactionist view
b.
double bind hypothesis
c.
environmental anxiety theory
d.
diathesis-stress hypothesis
e.
state-dependent view
8.
Padma is extremely confident and feels that lately she needs very little sleep. In addition, she reports that her thoughts seem to
be going fast-similar to watching three television shows at once. Padma most likely is experiencing
a.
a manic episode.
b.
a dysthymic episode.
c.
a loss of mental control.
d.
a psychotic break.
e.
catatonia.
9.
If Diane is seeing a biomedical therapist to treat her depression, she is most likely to receive
a.
talking sessions.
b.
medication.
c.
group therapy.
d.
aversion therapy.
e.
psychoanalysis.
10.
Alcoholics Anonymous is a particularly well-known
a.
psychoanalytic therapy group
b.
desensitization group
c.
self-help support group
d.
structured behavior therapy group
e.
Gestalt group
11.
________ is a legal term, not a psychiatric or psychological term.
a.
Insanity
b.
Psychopathology
c.
Associative disorder
d.
General adaptation syndrome
e.
Split personality
12.
Physicians trained in the medical model of mental disorder are most likely to treat their patients by
a.
teaching about stress reduction.
b.
probing their unconscious.
c.
asking about patients' self-esteem.
d.
exploring the patients' childhood.
e.
prescribing medications.
13.
According to psychoanalysis, the process of ________ blocks problems from reaching consciousness.
a.
insight
b.
transference
c.
nondirection
d.
unconditional positive regard
e.
repression
14.
In high concentrations, this drug is toxic. In the right concentration, it acts as a mood stabilizer.
a.
Clozaril
b.
Lamictal
c.
lithium
d.
Depakote
e.
Haldol
15.
A dissociative disorder characterized by a partial or complete loss of memory for personal information that is usually
associated with a stressful or emotionally traumatic experience is known as
a.
dissociative identity disorder.
b.
depersonalization disorder.
c.
dissociative amnesia.
d.
dissociative fugue.
e.
dissociative psychosis.
16.
In general, antipsychotic drugs work by
a.
inhibiting the reuptake process of serotonin.
b.
increasing the amount of acetylcholine in the brain.
c.
reducing dopamine activity in the brain.
d.
inhibiting the function of the hypothalamus.
e.
blocking the impact of the enzyme called monoamine oxidase
17.
________ therapies are focused on the patient's self-concept, self-esteem, and realizing their full potential.
a.
Social
b.
Systematic
c.
Behavioral
d.
Biomedical
e.
Humanistic
18.
Behavior therapists believe that both normal and abnormal behaviors develop
a.
through a learning process.
b.
due to traumatic childhood events.
c.
because of environmental influences.
d.
due to poor genetic makeup.
e.
as a result of unconscious forces.
19.
A ________ is a specialist who often focuses on common problems of normal living.
a.
psychoanalyst
b.
psychiatric social worker
c.
clinical psychologist
d.
counseling psychologist
e.
psychiatrist
20.
Before deciding on the particular form of treatment for an individual, a therapist needs to
a.
find out what medications the individual is taking to check for drug interactions.
b.
meet with close family members to apprise them of the situation.
c.
identify the problem and its causes.
d.
make a prognosis in consultation with a psychiatrist.
e.
explore the patient's repressed issues from childhood.
21.
The cognitive perspective views ________ as key factors in mental disorder.
a.
how we perceive, feel, think, and remember
b.
our unconscious influences
c.
our search for self-actualization
d.
chemical imbalances
e.
learning
22.
Eileen goes to a therapist for help in losing weight. She and her therapist develop a written agreement spelling out weekly
step-by-step methods for Eileen to use in order to reach her weight goal. The plan specifies rewards for reaching weekly goals
and penalties for not achieving them. Eileen's therapist is using which of the following methods?
a.
classical conditioning
b.
desensitization
c.
contingency management
d.
a token economy
e.
self-help therapy
23.
A(n) ________ therapist focuses on problem behaviors rather than probing the mind of the client.
a.
psychodynamic
b.
behavior
c.
cognitive
d.
evolutionary
e.
humanistic
24.
__________ symptoms refer to the absence of appropriate and "normal" behaviors.
a.
undifferentiated
b.
residual
c.
positive
d.
secondary
e.
negative
25.
Which neurotransmitter is implicated in the development of depressive disorders?
a.
serotonin
b.
endorphins
c.
peptides
d.
acetylcholine
e.
somatostatin
26.
Marty is moody, manipulative, unstable, lacks a clear sense of identity, and often clings to others. He wants to have close
relationships but is unable to do so because he is untrusting of others. Marty is suffering from ______ personality disorder.
a.
antisocial
b.
avoidant
c.
dependent
d.
borderline
e.
paranoid
27.
The technique of free association was intended to
a.
project the concerns of the therapist into the patient's thoughts.
b.
allow the therapist to gather clues about the client's unconscious impulses.
c.
suppress memory.
d.
interpret the symbolic meaning of dreams.
e.
allow the client to sublimate their impulses.
28.
Young laboratory monkeys who saw their parents express fear to a live snake later showed fear themselves while viewing a
live snake for the first time. This new fear would be the result of
a.
observational learning.
b.
behaviorism.
c.
situationism.
d.
exposure and response prevention.
e.
token economies.
29.
__________is a depressive disorder that is caused by the body's reaction to low levels of light present in the winter months.
a.
Panic disorder
b.
Bipolar disorder
c.
Dysthymic disorder
d.
Major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern
e.
Somatization disorder
30.
An irrational, persistent fear of something is called a
a.
mania.
b.
obsession.
c.
phobia.
d.
compulsion.
e.
panic attack.
The technique of ________ involves severing the nerve fibers connecting the frontal lobes with deep brain structures including
the thalamus and the hypothalamus.
a.
neurosurgery
b.
prefrontal lobotomy
c.
diencephalotomy
d.
electroconvulsive therapy
e.
TMS
31.
32.
An important emphasis of humanistic therapy is on
a.
hedonistic impulses.
b.
destructive tendencies.
c.
faulty thinking.
d.
problematic behaviors.
e.
the whole person being involved in a process of change.
33.
William is interested in helping his client change his disordered behavior and is less focused on understanding the problem
itself. He is most likely to be a/an
a.
behavior therapist.
b.
insight therapist.
c.
biomedical therapist.
d.
relationship therapist.
e.
humanistic therapist.
34.
A goal of family therapy is to
a.
change the needs of individual family members.
b.
improve family communication and interaction.
c.
identify and treat the person in the family who is the source of the majority of the family's problems.
d.
teach family members to remain neutral on sensitive issues.
e.
move individual family members toward self-actualization.
35.
Jaci has just become blind. The fact that there is no physical reason for this suggests that Jaci may be suffering from
a.
conversion disorder.
b.
observer discomfort.
c.
panic disorder.
d.
generalized anxiety disorder.
e.
physical paranoia.
36.
A behavioral therapist is working with a depressed client. Which of the following causes is the most likely focus of this
therapist's intervention?
a.
learned behaviors of depression
b.
unusual levels of neurotransmitters
c.
negative interpretations of life events
d.
a superego that is too harsh and strict
e.
hiding from one's own feelings and experiences
37.
Dr. Shedrika uses a form of therapy that emphasizes revealing his clients' unconscious conflicts, urges, and desires, which he
believes are the cause of his clients' disordered emotions and behavior. This therapist is most likely using
a.
behavior therapy.
b.
psychoanalysis.
c.
Gestalt therapy.
d.
systematic desensitization.
e.
aversion therapy.
38.
Agoraphobia is defined as a fear of
a.
blood.
b.
needles.
c.
being in crowded public places or open spaces.
d.
being in closed spaces.
e.
shopping.
39.
Leo worries all of the time. He worries about his money, his children, and his dog. His muscles are always tense and sore, he
has trouble sleeping, is often irritable, and has difficulty concentrating. Leo's symptoms sound most like
a.
panic disorder.
b.
conversion disorder.
c.
generalized anxiety disorder.
d.
a dissociative disorder.
e.
illness anxiety disorder.
40.
Nick is admitted to a mental institution because he hears voices talking to him that no one else can hear, and he sees demons
attacking him, though no one else could see anything near him. Nick's symptoms are known as
a.
delusions.
b.
hallucinations.
c.
obsessions.
d.
compulsions.
e.
syllogisms.
41.
Sal has decreased levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in his frontal lobe areas. Which disorder might he be at risk of
experiencing?
a.
antisocial personality disorder
b.
agoraphobia
c.
schizophrenia
d.
dissociative fugue
e.
panic attacks
42.
At Skinner Elementary School, teachers pass out "skinner bucks" to students who turn in papers on time, obey the teacher, and
finish their homework. The paper "bucks" can be traded in at the end of the week for special treats or game-playing time on
the classroom computer. This system most resembles a
a.
participant modeling technique.
b.
contingency contract.
c.
group extinction procedure.
d.
token economy.
e.
Thorndike technique.
43.
________ treat the symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, social withdrawal, and occasional agitation.
a.
Antipsychotics
b.
Antidepressants
c.
Analgesics
d.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
e.
Antianxiety drugs
44.
Dr. Stevenson, a therapist, states "I promote rational thinking to alleviate distressing feelings and behaviors." Dr. Stevenson is
probably a ________ therapist.
a.
client-centered
b.
psychodynamic
c.
behavior
d.
cognitive
e.
humanistic
45.
Which of the following is an anxiety disorder?
a.
bipolar disorder
b.
conversion disorder
c.
panic disorder
d.
schizophrenia
e.
pica
46.
As Carol and Ken are leaving for a trip, Carol repeatedly asks Ken, "Did we turn off the coffee pot?" For their entire trip,
Carol worries about the coffee pot. Carol's doubt about turning off the coffee pot is a(n)
a.
obsession.
b.
compulsion.
c.
both an obsession and a compulsion.
d.
neither an obsession nor a compulsion.
e.
neurosis.
47.
Freud explained conversion disorder as involving the conversion of
a.
religious energy into psychological symptoms.
b.
unconscious displacement of anxiety into physical symptoms.
c.
obsessions into compulsions.
d.
stress into panic.
e.
physical symptoms into psychological problems.
48.
Darcy is sitting at her desk in her office one day when, without warning, her heart begins racing rapidly, she has a sensation of
being "out of her body," and she experiences dulled vision and hearing, rapid breathing, and sweating. She thinks she is having
a heart attack. Nothing she is doing seems to have caused such an episode. Her symptoms MOST resemble
a.
a phobia.
b.
a panic attack.
c.
posttraumatic stress.
d.
an affective disorder.
e.
a dissociative disorder.
49.
The cause of depression according to Aaron Beck is that depressed patients
a.
suffer from an imbalance of serotonin in their brains.
b.
are reinforced for their depressed behaviors.
c.
have low self-efficacy.
d.
use self-deprecating statements.
e.
have had many childhood traumas.
50.
________ involves a loss of memory as well as fleeing from one's family, home, and job.
a.
Dissociative fugue
b.
Fugue episodes
c.
Unconventionality
d.
Conversion disorder
e.
Dissociative identity disorder
51.
The basic goal of systematic desensitization is to
a.
relax body muscles.
b.
address the causes of one's fears.
c.
relax individuals in the presence of a feared object or situation.
d.
understand what an individual is thinking when faced with a feared object or situation.
e.
expose a person to the trigger of their fear in a rapid and unavoidable fashion.
52.
Bipolar disorder used to be known as
a.
manic-depressive disorder.
b.
clinical depression.
c.
catatonic schizophrenia.
d.
a dissociative disorder.
e.
ADHD.
53.
The ________ approach to therapy would be appropriate for a person who persistently believes that he/she is a fool, is stupid,
and is just plain no good.
a.
cognitive
b.
behavioral
c.
sociocultural
d.
psychosurgery
e.
contingency
54.
The DSM-5 considers ________ to be an anxiety disorder.
a.
schizophrenia
b.
phobias
c.
bipolar disorder
d.
amnesia
e.
dissociative identity disorder
55.
The form of behavioral therapy in which an undesirable behavior is paired with an unpleasant stimulus to reduce the frequency
of the behavior is called
a.
token economy
b.
operant conditioning
c.
aversion therapy
d.
participant modeling
e.
age regression therapy
56.
The tendency for women to ________ accounts for their increased vulnerability to depression.
a.
experience monthly changes in biochemistry
b.
nutritional distress
c.
outlive men
d.
ruminate about their problems
e.
watch too much national media
57.
What is the main difference between generalized anxiety disorder and phobic disorder?
a.
Phobic disorder is linked to specific triggers while generalized anxiety disorder is not linked to a specific trigger.
b.
Generalized anxiety disorder is linked to a specific trigger while phobic disorder is not linked to a specific trigger.
c.
Generalized anxiety disorder is more common in women and phobic disorder is more common in men.
d.
Generalized anxiety disorder is more common in adults while phobic disorder is more common in children.
e.
Generalized anxiety disorder involves hyperactive serotonin receptors in the brain, while a phobic disorder involves
hypoactive serotonin receptors in the brain.
58.
________ is credited with developing client-centered therapy.
a.
Sigmund Freud
b.
Carl Rogers
c.
Albert Ellis
d.
Aaron Beck
e.
Joseph Wolpe
59.
Gary takes antipsychotic drugs to control the symptoms of schizophrenia. After taking the drug for some time, he begins
exhibiting repetitive, involuntary jerks and movements of his face, lips, and legs. Gary is showing signs of
a.
savant syndrome.
b.
tardive dyskinesia.
c.
a clozapine overdose.
d.
neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
e.
agranulocytosis.
60.
The etiology of a mental disorder is another term for its
a.
symptoms.
b.
prevention.
c.
cure.
d.
prevalence.
e.
cause.
61.
Client-centered therapy is a type of ________ therapy.
a.
insight
b.
behavior
c.
cognitive
d.
reality
e.
neo-Freudian
62.
Ellie is a graduate student in psychology at the local university. She is interested in one day specializing in the study of
abnormal behavior. What area of psychology should she focus on in school?
a.
health psychology
b.
psychopathology
c.
psychobiology
d.
developmental psychology
e.
school psychology
63.
A serious side effect of prefrontal lobotomy is related to
a.
the lifting of mood.
b.
major alterations of personality.
c.
memory disorder.
d.
a reduction in agitation and anxiety.
e.
improved sleep.
64.
A person who paints a foul-tasting polish on their fingernails is using ________ therapy to quit nail-biting.
a.
counterconditioning
b.
contingency management
c.
aversion
d.
participant modeling
e.
token economy
65.
Intruding thoughts that occur again and again are called _________. Repetitive, ritualistic behaviors are called________.
a.
intrusions; impulses
b.
obsessions; compulsions
c.
impulses; intrusions
d.
compulsions; obsessions
e.
neuroses; psychoses
66.
Willamina is interested in helping her client get a clearer understanding of his motives and actions. She is most likely to be
a/an
a.
behavior therapist.
b.
insight therapist.
c.
biomedical therapist.
d.
relationship therapist.
e.
family therapist.
67.
According to Albert Ellis, we become unhappy and depressed about events because of
a.
our behaviors.
b.
our irrational beliefs.
c.
the events that happen to us.
d.
other people's irrational beliefs.
e.
our self-concepts.
68.
The cause of anxiety, according to Carl Rogers, lies in
a.
the inability of ego defense mechanisms to repress unconscious conflicts.
b.
social reinforcements of anxiety-related behaviors.
c.
realistic fears regarding the world and local crises.
d.
a conflict between a desire for a positive self-image and criticism by self and others.
e.
chemical and structural features of the brain.
69.
Albert Ellis created
a.
psychodynamic therapy.
b.
behavioral therapy.
c.
rational-emotive behavior therapy.
d.
group therapy.
e.
person-centered therapy.
70.
Gigi, who has schizophrenia, believes that she was sent by God to one day rule the world. Her belief is an example of a(n)
a.
phobia.
b.
delusion.
c.
alogia.
d.
hallucination.
e.
clang association.
71.
Edward starts to worry about telling his therapist about his drinking. He is afraid that the therapist will get mad at him like his
mother used to. Edward has started relating to his therapist as he related to his mother. Edward is experiencing
a.
transference.
b.
countertransference.
c.
catharsis.
d.
resistance.
e.
free association.
72.
_______is used to help psychological professionals diagnose psychological disorders.
a.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
b.
The Physician's Desk Reference (PDR)
c.
The Textbook of Psychological Disorders (TPD)
d.
The Textbook of Physiological Disorders (TPD)
e.
The International Pathology Reference Index (IPRI)
73.
________ disorders are most usually indicated by "fragmentation" of the personality.
a.
Conversion
b.
Psychogenic
c.
Depressive
d.
Dissociative
e.
Obsessive-compulsive