Download Honors Biology – Chapters 7 and 10

Honors Biology – Chapters 7 and 10: Cells
By the end of the chapter, students should be able to complete the numbered “Learning Objectives”.
Name
Date
1. Demonstrate an ability to meet deadlines by turning in assignments on time.
2. Demonstrate an ability to use appropriate grammar and spelling and to make corrections as necessary.
Essential Question A. How do we quantify and observe microscopic organisms?
3. Be able to safely operate a compound light microscope
4. List and explain the main advantages and disadvantages of the three main types of microscope
5. Be able to estimate the width of an object viewed under different magnifications with a light microscope
Essential Question B. What are cells, how do they vary, and how do they function?
6. Explain cell theory
7. Describe the structure (including lipids, carbs, and proteins) and function of the cell membrane, including
how the membrane regulates the flow of materials into and out of the cell through the following processes:
a. diffusion (type of dynamic equilibrium)
c. passive and active transport
b. osmosis (type of dynamic equilibrium)
d. endocytosis, exocytosis
8. Explain how the surface area to volume ratio changes with the size of a cell, what type of ratio is better for
moving materials in and out of cells, and why cells are small.
9. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Be familiar with specific differences including cell
structure and cell organelles.
10. Explain the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms
11. Compare and contrast plant, and animal cells. Be familiar with specific differences including cell structure
and cell organelles.
12. Explain the term “organelles”
13. Be able to recognize the shape, relative size, and describe the functions of these organelles
e. cell wall
k. nucleus
f. cell membrane
l. nucleolus
g. endoplasmic reticulum (smooth, rough)
m. ribosome
h. chloroplast
n. lysosome
i. Golgi apparatus
o. cytoskeleton
j. mitochondria
p. vacuole
14. Explain terms hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic, and how these conditions impact animal and plant cells
Essential Question C. How are new cells created, and what happens when this process
malfunctions?
15. Describe how cells replicate (the cell cycle and mitosis) and be able to explain/draw all parts of the cell
cycle, including
a. anaphase
d. metaphase
b. interphase
e. prophase
c. cytokinesis
f. telophase
16. Explain that DNA is condensed into chromosomes, undergoes replication, and splits during the cell cycle.
17. Explain the terms chromosome, chromatid, centromere, chromatin
18. Explain the causes, result, and treatment of uncontrolled cell growth (cancer)
19. Explain how the cell cycle is regulated, focusing on the roles of genes and cyclins (enzymes)
Essential Question D. What are stem cells, and why are they important?
20. Explain the function of stem cells. Be able to explain the definitions of and differences between totipotent,
pluripotent, induced pluripotent, and multipotent stem cells
21. Explain the highlights of research topics presented during class (this info to be determined)