Download Earth`s Interior

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Plate Tectonics/Earth’s Interior Chapter 5 pg 123
Please read for understanding. Then complete this study guide paying attention to the objectives.
Section 1 Earth’s Interior page 124- 131
Objectives: By the end of this section you should be able to: explain how geologists learn about earth’s inner
structures and be able to identify the characteristics of Earth’s crust including the crust, mantle, and core.
1. Why doesn’t the Earth look the same today as it did millions of years ago? ________________
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2. What types of evidence do scientists use to learn about the inside of the Earth? ______________
_______________________Give an example of each: A)_________________________________
__________________________B)___________________________________________________
3. What can a rock sample tell scientists about the Earth? ________________________________
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4. Describe one “indirect evidence” method scientists use to observe the interior of the Earth: ____
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A Journey to the Center of the Earth page 127
5. Why does it become warmer and warmer as you travel toward the center of the Earth? ______
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6. Why is the center of the Earth so hot? ______________________________________________
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7. What is pressure and why does it increase as you travel towards the center of the Earth? _____
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The Crust
8. What is the crust? ______________________________________________________________
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How thick does the book say the crust is? _____________________________________________
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What rock is the crust made out of beneath the oceans? _________________________
The Mantle
9. Describe the mantle: ____________________________________________________________
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10. Lithosphere- _________________________________________________________________
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11. Athenosphere- ________________________________________________________________
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12. Lower Mantle- ________________________________________________________________
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The Core
13. Describe the Core: _____________________________________________________________
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14. What do scientists think is responsible for the Earth’s magnetic field? ____________________
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15. Please draw a cross section of the Earth identifying the crust, mantle, lithosphere, athenosphere,
lower mantle, outer core, and inner core.
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Section 2 page 132-135
Objectives: By the end of this section you should be able to: explain how heat is transferred; identify what causes
convection currents; and describe convection currents in the earth’s mantle.
There are three ways that heat is transferred they are:
16. Radiation- ___________________________________________________________________
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17. Conduction- __________________________________________________________________
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18. Convection- __________________________________________________________________
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19. What are convection currents? Please give examples: _________________________________
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20. Describe how convection currents work within the earth: _____________________________
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Draw a picture of convection currents within the earth:
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Section 3 Drifting Continents page 136-140
Objectives: By the end of this section you should be able to: Explain Alfred Wegener’s hypothesis about the
continents; list the evidence used by Wegener to support his hypothesis; Explain why other scientists at the time
rejected Wegener’s theory.
21. What was Wegener’s hypothesis? ________________________________________________
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22. Today we call his theory: ________________________________
23. What was Pangaea? ___________________________________________________________
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24. What evidence did Wegener use to support his idea? (bottom of pg 137) _________________
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25. Identify and describe evidence from land features: ___________________________________
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26. Identify and describe evidence from fossils: ________________________________________
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27. Identify and describe evidence from climate: ________________________________________
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28.Why was Wegener’s theory rejected by other scientists: _______________________________
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Section 4 Sea Floor Spreading page 141-147
Objectives: By the end of this section you should be able to: List eh evidence for sea floor spreading; explain the
process of sea floor spreading; describe the process of subduction.
29. What are mid ocean ridges and how did we discover them? ___________________________
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30. Describe sea floor spreading: ___________________________________________________
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Draw a diagram showing sea floor spreading:
31. What evidence from molten material does the book describe: __________________________
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32. What evidence from magnetic stripes is there? ______________________________________
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33. How do scientists use drilling samples to understand sea floor spreading? _________________
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Subduction at Trenches page 146
34. Describe the process of subduction: ______________________________________________
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35. Is the Atlantic Ocean getting wider or narrower? ________________
Section 5 The Theory of Plate Tectonics page 150-154
Objectives: By the end of this section you should be able to: Explain the theory of plate tectonics; describe the three
different types of plate boundaries.
How Plates Move
36. What is plate tectonics? ________________________________________________________
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There are three types of plate boundaries, they are:
37. Divergent boundaries- __________________________________________________________
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Draw a picture of one:
38. Convergent boundaries- _________________________________________________________
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Draw a picture of one:
39. Transform boundaries- _________________________________________________________
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Draw a picture of one:
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