Download NAME PERIOD ______ DATE FINAL EXAM REVIEW A student

NAME ________________________________ PERIOD _______ DATE ____________________
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
1. A student designed an experiment to study how temperature affects the rate at which enzymes digest
protein. She put equal masses of liver into four equal-sized test tubes, brought the test tubes to
different temperatures, introduced equal amounts of enzyme into each tube and measured the duration
of the chemical reaction. What factors were held constant in the experiment?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Liver mass, test tube size, and enzyme amount.
Liver mass, enzyme amount, and reaction duration.
Test tube temperature and reaction duration.
Test tube temperature, liver mass, and enzyme amount.
2. A student hypothesized that robins prefer large bird houses to small ones. He built four bird houses of
different sizes to test his hypothesis. What was the independent variable in the student’s study?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The size of the bird house.
The number of birds in a house.
The location of the bird house.
The season of the year.
Base your answers to the following questions on the information and diagrams below.
Saltwater plants of the same species were grown in soil in separate containers with 1 liter of water. All of
the plants were the same height at the beginning of the experiment. Different amounts of salt were
dissolved in each container as shown in the diagrams. All other conditions were held constant.
Measurements for the final height of each plant are provided.
3. What is the problem or testable statement for this experiment?
Does the amount of salt in the water affect plant growth?
4.
What is the dependent variable for this experiment?
A. the amount of salt added.
B. the amount of water in the container.
C. the height of the plant.
D. the type of plant.
5. Write a possible hypothesis for this experiment.
If greater amounts of salt are added to water, then the plants will grow larger.
6. Which of the following describes a scientific theory?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A scientific theory, once established, can never be changed.
A scientific theory is a good guess made by very smart people.
A scientific theory explains a broad range of observed facts.
A scientific theory is an explanation proven beyond all doubt.
USE THE PERIODIC TABLE TO ANSWER QUESTION #7
________7. Which element has 13 protons, 14 neutrons and 13 electrons?
A. Sodium
B. Magnesium
C. Aluminum
8. Match the following : ___A___ element
A. made of 1 kind of atom.
D. Silicon
____C___ compound
B. 2 substances physically combined
_____B___mixture
C. 2 or more elements chemically
combined.
__D____ 9. The unit used to express liquid volume.
A. centimeters (cm)
__A___10. The unit used to express length.
B. grams (g)
__C___11. The unit used to express density.
C. grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)
_B____12. The unit used to express mass.
D. milliliters (ml)
13. Which instrument is used to calculate:
__A___ Mass of an object
A. balance
B. graduated cylinder
C. metric ruler
___B__ Volume of a liquid __C___ Length of an object
14. Liquid (water) displacement is how to find the volume of an irregularlyshaped object. (Hint: putting it in a graduated cylinder and measuring the difference.)
15. Find the volume of the object using the graduated cylinders below.
Final Volume =
____49mL____
Initial volume =
____33mL___
Volume of object = ____16mL____
16. Using the picture, the mass of the object is ____30g_____
17. Given the mass from Q. #17 and the volume of the object from Q. #16, what is the density of the
object? (D = M/V) ___1.875 g/mL_____
18. Below are examples of physical and chemical changes. Place a Letter P next to the physical
changes, and a Letter C next to the chemical changes.
__C___ rusting metal
___P__ripping paper
__P___ salt dissolving in water
__C__burning wood
__P___water freezing
__C___ mixing 2 liquids and a gas evolves.
19. Identify convection, conduction, radiation in the picture below.
conduction
convection
radiation
20.
What is the softest mineral on Moh’s Scale? ____talc____ The hardest? _diamond________
21. In a field test of hardness, a mineral needs to be harder than
1
22. A renewable resource is one that
cannot
be replaced in our lifetime.
cannot
be replaced in our lifetime.
can
A non-renewable resource is one that
23. Forms: __C___ Igneous rock
can
__B___ Metamorphic rock
A. from pieces of other rocks
large
5
to scratch glass.
_____A___ Sedimentary rock
B. by changing existing rocks
24. If an igneous rock cools quickly, it’s crystals will be
3
C. from cooled molten material
or
small.
25. Number the following in order from the most permeable (#1) to the least permeable (#4).
Silt/mud _4__
coarse sand _2___
26. An upward fold is a(n):
syncline
gravel ____1___
anticline
fine sand __3_
A downward fold is a(n):
27. 3 types of stress: __B___ rocks move in two directions horizontally.
syncline
A. compression
__A___ rock being squeezed together.
B. shearing
_C____ rock being stretched.
C. tension
28. Identify which fault is:
______Reverse_________
strike-slip
____normal_________
reverse
normal
_____strike slip______
anticline
29. According to the law of superposition, which rock layer is the
oldest? _Q___ the youngest? __K__
30. Scientists get information about the interior of the Earth by studying _seismic waves______.
31. According to the theory of sea-floor spreading:
The oldest rocks on the ocean floor are found:
closest to
furthest from
the mid-ocean ridge.
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are found?
closest to
furthest from
the mid-ocean ridge.
Oceanic crust is less
or
more
32. Boundary where plates move:
dense than continental crust.
convergent
divergent
transform
slide past ___Transform____ together __Convergent______ apart_____divergent_________
33. Tectonic plates move because of _Convection currents in the mantle
34. True or False: Most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries because that’s where the plates interact the most.
35. If the difference in arrival times of the P and S waves is far apart, the epicenter is:
far away
close
* Know how to read the chart on page 161 P and S waves and distance to epicenter.
36. True or False: Amount of gases and silica are two factors that cause a volcano to be more explosive than
others.
37. __D__ wide, gentle sloped volcano
A. cinder
_A__ short, steep-sided cone
B. composite
_B___ tall, well-shaped cone
C. hot spot
__C__ volcano that forms in the middle
of a plate.
D. shield
38. Using a colored pen/pencil, draw arrows to show how smoke would move
if a lit punk was placed in tube A.
39. Why does the air flow in this direction? ______________________________
_Hot air rises above the candle, cooler more dense air from over the ice
A
B
_moves toward the flame drawing the smoke down the tube.
40. Label a sea breeze. Show rising air (UP), sinking air (DOWN), high pressure (more dense), low
pressure (less dense).
Down
High pressure
up
Low pressure
WATER
LAND
Label a land breeze. Show rising air (UP), sinking air (DOWN), high pressure (more dense), low
pressure (less dense).
Up
Low pressure
Down
High pressure
WATER
LAND
41. Which wind belt moves weather across the United States? Polar Easterlies
Westerlies
Trade Winds
42. The deflection of the winds due to the Earth’s rotation is called : _coriolis effect__
43. When a liquid changes into a gas it is called
condensation
evaporation
melting
When a gas changes into a liquid it is called
condensation
evaporation
melting
44. As the wet and dry bulb temperature get closer together the relative humidity is
low
high
As the wet and dry bulb temperature are far apart, the relative humidity is
low
high
CLOUDS:
Stratus
Cumulonimbus
45. Cloud made of ice crystals ___Cirrus____
Layered clouds that produce drizzle ___Stratus___
Air masses: maritime tropical (MT)
maritime polar ( MP)
Cirrus
Cumulus
Puffy clouds _Cumulus_________
Storm clouds __Cumulonimbus_
continental tropical (CT)
continental polar (CP)
46. Forms: Over cold land (Canada) _____CP________ Over warm oceans ______MT_______
Over warm land (Mexico) ________CT________
Over cold oceans ______MP________
47. True or False: Tornadoes are common in Tornado Alley because two very different air masses meet
in the middle of the United States. Continental polar & marieime tropical
48. What kind of weather is associated with a low pressure system?
fair, cool, dry
cloudy, rainy
49. What kind of weather is associated with a high pressure system?
fair, cool, dry
cloudy, rainy
50. What kind of weather follows a cold front?
warm and humid
clear skies/cooler/dry
51. What kind of weather follows a warm front?
warm and humid
clear skies/cooler/dry
52.
An isobar
or
isotherm
connects areas of equal temperatures.
An isobar
or
isotherm
connects areas of equal pressure.
53. Draw a station model:
65° F
56° F
29.2
.3
Air pressure 29.2 inches
Air temperature 65° F
Dew point temperature 56° F
Overcast/cloudy skies
.3 inches of precipitation
Wind speed: 14 mph
Wind direction: southwest
54. Seasons are caused by: Revolution around the sun & the tilt of the Earth’s axis
55. When the Earth is tilted towards the sun, the Northern Hemisphere the season is _summer__.
56. When the Northern Hemisphere has summer, the Southern Hemisphere has winter__________.
57. During a lunar eclipse, the moon is:
new moon
1st quarter
full moon
3rd quarter
During a solar eclipse, the moon is:
new moon
1st quarter
full moon
3rd quarter
D
A
C
B
58. Which 2 positions would the moon be in during a Spring tide?
Neap tide?
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
59. As you move from position C to position A, the amount of light on the moon’s surface would:
increase
decrease
stay the same
60. The model that states the stars and planets all revolve around the Earth.
geocentric
heliocentric
The model that states the planets, including Earth, revolve around the sun.
geocentric
heliocentric
61. Where are the brightest, hottest stars on the H-R diagram?
Upper left____________
Coolest, dimmest stars?
____lower right_______________________
62. Compare Rigel to Sirius B.
__Rigel is a hot, bright, massive star____
__Sirius B is a dim, small, relatively hot star______
___________________________________________________
dwarf star
neutron star
black hole
red giant
nebula
63. A star the size of the sun will become a _____ dwarf star ___________ when it dies.
64. A massive star will become either a _______ black hole ________ or _____ neutron star ________
at the end of its life cycle.
65. A star begins its life within a _________Nebula________.
Type X
66. Which galaxy is:
__Z__ irregular
Type Y
Type Z
___X____ spiral
____Y____ elliptical
67. The spinning of the Earth on its axis is called:
revolution
rotation
68. The Earth travelling once around the Sun is called:
revolution
rotation
69. The moon goes through phases because of its
revolution
rotation
70. Night and day are caused by the Earth’s
revolution
rotation
around the Earth.
71. A planet is kept in orbit around the sun by _____Gravity______ and ___Inertia_______.
A. star
B meteorite
C. nebula
__D____ an icy ball of gas and dust.
_C__ a huge cloud of gas and dust.
D. comet
E. moon
_F___ a body that orbits a star.
F. planet
G. light-year
___G_____ unit for measuring
distance in space.
___E__ a body that orbits a planet.
__B__a chunk of metal or rock that strikes the Earth’s surface.
___A___ a glowing ball of gas.
72. Which planet has the shortest orbital period? (goes around the sun fastest?) __Mercury_________
Which planet has the longest orbital period? (goes around the sun slowest?) __Neptune_______
73. The inner planets are:
large
small
and
gaseous
rocky
74. The outer planets are:
large
small
and
gaseous
rocky
75. Which type of electromagnetic radiation:
Has the longest wavelength?
gamma
visible light
radio
Has the shortest wavelength?
gamma
visible light
radio
Is the only form of radiation we can see?
gamma
visible light
radio
76. Match the following features of the sun to the diagram.
__A___ Core
__C___ Corona
_D____ Photosphere
__B___ Sunspots