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MSP Review Homework # 8 Due: 3/13/15 Name _________________________________________________ Period _________ Attach this paper to the front of this assignment. When answering each question, remember the following: a. Use complete sentences unless you use an approved outline form. b. Write, print, or type each question followed by the answer. c. Skip one line between a question and the answer and skip two lines between an answer and the next question. d. You may look at a variety of sources for answers but do not copy from other students or plagiarize. e. Neatness counts! f. Label all drawings and tables. Include titles on drawings and tables. g. Include units with numbers throughout the assignment. h. Be thorough and give explanations! Catastrophic Events 1. What are some properties that change as you move through different layers of the atmosphere beginning with the troposphere? 2. Describe the composition and properties of the troposphere and stratosphere. 3. Define conduction, convection, and radiation and give an example of each. 4. Explain the water cycle. Include transpiration, evaporation, condensation, and precipitation in your explanation. Draw a diagram of the water cycle. Explain how the water cycle affects weather? 5. What is the role of the sun in the water cycle? Give some local examples of where parts of the water cycle can be seen. 6. Give some examples of bodies of saltwater and bodies of fresh water. Explain how saltwater becomes salty. 7. Compare a weather model to the actual weather. Are weather forecasting tools always correct? Do the computer simulations always get it right? 8. What is the difference between weather and climate? Give an example of each. 9. Explain the causes of atmospheric circulation and oceanic currents. How do ocean currents influence the atmosphere in terms of weather and climate? 10. What causes the wind? 11. Which has a greater temperature gradient, a city that is close to the ocean or a city that is inland? Why? Which heats/cools faster, water or rock? 12. Define the following terms: a. Crust b. Core c. Mantle d. Lithosphere e. Asthenosphere f. Mesosphere g. Inner core h. Outer core 13. What are the three main parts of the Earth in order from the middle out? Draw and label a picture of the layers of the Earth. Be sure to show the relative thicknesses of each layer and the consistencies of each layer. 14. Discuss the convection currents inside of the earth and explain how they change the shape of the land. Describe how thermal energy and convection currents underground can cause earthquakes and volcanoes. Draw a labeled diagram showing how convection in the upper mantle drives the movement of the crustal plates. 15. What are tectonic plates? What tectonic plate do we live on? Which plate boundary are we closest to? What are the three types of tectonic plate boundaries? What is created at each boundary? 16. Describe what might happen when plate boundaries meet. Give examples of each type of plate boundary including convergent boundaries, divergent boundaries, and transform boundaries. 17. How do magma and lava differ? 18. How do constructive processes change landforms? Give two examples. 19. How do destructive processes change landforms? Give two examples. 20. Describe different kinds of evidence that are used to document past conditions on Earth. Describe how fossils and other artifacts provide evidence of how life has changed over time. 21. Explain the role that living organisms play in shaping landforms such as: a. coral islands b. limestone deposits c. oil deposits d. coal deposits 22. Explain how the following landforms of the Pacific Northwest were formed and provide evidence of past geologic events: a. Mount St. Helens b. Crater Lake c. Channeled Scablands 23. Describe Earth processes that we can observe and measure today (e.g., rate of sedimentation, movement of tectonic plates, changes in composition of the atmosphere). How do these processes provide clues to Earth’s past?