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Spring 2005 Physics 610 Lloyd M. Davis [email protected] Quantum Optics 931-393-7335 Proposed Class Time: Mondays and Wednesdays, 8:30—9:45 a.m. Central Time / 9:30 a.m. – 10:45 a.m. Eastern E113 at UTSI / Interactive video to UTK Interactive classroom, South College room 107 Course Content and Texts: Quantum Optics is a very rapidly developing field that has now become quite extensive. Over the last ten years, there have been several outstanding texts published. In October 1995, Leonard Mandel (now deceased) and Emil Wolf from the University of Rochester published a treatise that encompasses a very broad range of topics, both in the classical and quantum theories of light. Topics on the classical theory of light propagation and on the coherence of light, the research specialty of Wolf, are treated in detail in the first 9 chapters. In this course, we will touch only briefly on classical coherence theory. Most of the lectures will cover material on the fully-quantum mechanical description of the radiation field and its interaction with matter, as treated in the later chapters. We begin at chapter 10, in which Maxwell’s equations are quantized, and we then proceed to consider various properties, measurements, and physical states of the quantized radiation field, including states that have no classical counterpart. A current area of interest in quantum optics, and in fundamental quantum theory, relates to “entangled two-photon states”, and Bell’s inequality. Mandel was an expert in this area, and his chapter 10 on the quantization of Maxwell’s equations seems to be slanted towards giving a very thorough foundation for covering such topics. In this course we will not follow section by section through Mandel and Wolf’s text, but instead we will attempt to present a broader perspective by skipping some of the more specialized sections and embedding material from other tests and articles from the literature. In particular, some of the lecture notes and some problems will be drawn from Roudney Loudon’s text “The Quantum Theory of Light”, now in its third edition, and from other texts listed below. Also, limited use will be made of Eberly and Allen’s short treatise on the two-level atom, and of other now-classic texts. The class includes many problems that will be performed as worked examples. Therefore, some classes may finish late, depending on classroom availability. There will also be 1, 2, or 3 problems per lecture set for homework, which should take no more than 2 hours. These set problems are due to be handed in at the next class, unless otherwise specified. Model answers will be provided. Although the lecture notes are largely self-contained, many references from the texts and literature will be given for supplementary background reading. Texts: *MW=Mandel and Wolf “Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics” (*Recommended to purchase) http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0521417112/ref=pd_bxgy_text_1/103-4410942-4055054?v=glance&s=books#product-details SZ=Scully and Zubairy WM=Walls and Milburn MS=Meystre and Sargent NC=Nielsen and Chuang L3=Loudon, 3rd edn L2=Loudon, 2nd edn L1=Loudon, 1st edn EA=Eberly and Allen KS=Klauder & Sudarshan Grades: Homework assignments: Midterm test: Final exam: 50 % 20 % 30 % Recommended Prerequisite courses/background: Quantum Mechanics, Maths Methods, Classical Mechanics, Electrodynamics, Classical Optics Quantum Optics Spring 2005 Draft Course Outline Lecture Date Topics 1 2 1-19 1-26 3 4 5 6 7 1-31 2-2 2-4? 2-7 2-9 8 9 2-21 2-23 10 11 3-7 3-9 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 3-14 3-16 3-21 3-23 3-28 3-30 4-4 4-6 4-11 4-13 4-18 4-20 4-25 4-27 Quantization of Maxwell’s Equations Fock States, Linear and Angular Momentum (L.Davis at SPIE conference 1-22 to 1-25) Phase in quantum optics Coherent states Squeezed states; Quantum Dynamics (catch-up class) Mixed States; Chaotic State Coherent State Representation (L.Davis at Biophys. Soc. conference 2-12 to 2-17) Young’s Experiment; First Order Coherence Higher Order Coherence Take Home Midterm Test (Lectures 1-8) (Due 4 p.m. CST, 3-4) (L.Davis at Pittcon conference 2-27 to 3-6) Hanburry-Brown Twiss; Cross-Spectral Density Propagation of Coherence; Change of Spectrum with Propagation (L.Davis at Abbott Labs 3-9 to 3-11) Stationarity, Homogeneity, Isotropy; Photon Localization Photon Counting Beam Splitters; Interferometers Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox; Bell’s Inequality; Transactional Interpretation Entanglement Quantum Cryptography and Teleportation Quantum Computing Atom-radiation interaction; Minimal coupling Hamiltonian Atomic second quantization; Perturbative transition rates Spontaneous decay; Photon detection Representations; Schrodinger and Interaction Picture calculations Quantum derivation of Optical Bloch Equations Damping mechanisms; Motion on the Bloch sphere; Pulse propagation; Maxwell-Bloch Equations; Solitons; Cooperative atomic behavior; Photon Echoes; Super fluorescence; Superradiance 27 5-2 Final Exam (Note that for this class, the “spring break” will be the week of Feb 27 to Mar 3 as I will be at a conference this week. It will be necessary to hold class during the designated spring break period.)