Download Politics of Mainstreaming Ecofeminism

Book Publication: Seri II Kajian Ekofeminisme (2014)
Bilingual (English & Indonesian) 10 pages with single space and font 12 Calibri with APA reference system.
Due date of paper submission 02 December 2014
Publication by PPSG & Jalasutra Yogyakarta February 2014
Book Launching May at PPSG-UKSW 2014
Politics of Mainstreaming Ecofeminism:
Tafsir Perempuan untuk Mitos, Agama, Budaya dan Pendidikan
Editor: Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum
Pengantar: Dr. Arianti Ina Restiani Hunga (PPSG-UKSW)
Part I Reinterpreting Myth and Religion: Mitos dan Agama dalam Horison Perempuan
1 Prof Joyce Merzer (Virgiania Theology) ([email protected]) THEO-Christian
2 SR. Mary John Mananzan, Ph.D – Institue Women Study of St. Scholastica’s College ([email protected])
– THEO-Catholic
3 Dr. Gadis Arivia – Universitas Indonesia ([email protected]) - PHIL
4 Dr. Wening Udasmoro - UGM ([email protected] ) -SASTRA
5 Soe Tjen Marching Ph.D - SOAS London ([email protected]) – SOC-LIT
....... ( nama-nama selanjutnya)
Part II Politics and Visual Media in Contemporary Culture: Krisis Ekologis di Mata Perempuan
6 Prof Zillah Eisenstein (Ithaca College) ([email protected] /[email protected] ) -POL
7 Baiq Wardhani, Ph.D – UNAIR ([email protected]) –POL
8 Dr. Phil. Ratna Noviani – UGM ([email protected]) -MEDIA
9 Donny Danardono - Unika Soegijapranata- ([email protected])
10 Tundjung Mahatma (UKSW) ([email protected]) ([email protected])
....... ( nama-nama selanjutnya)
Part III Mainstreaming Ecofeminism in Education: Berguru pada Alam dan Perempuan
11 Prof Ruth Wallace, PhD - Charles Darwin University ([email protected]) -EDU
12 Dr. Arianti Ina Restiani Hunga – UKSW ([email protected]) –SOC
13 Aquarini Priyatna, PhD. - UNPAR ([email protected])
14 Jennifer G. Anderson ([email protected])
15 Manneke Budiman, PhD – UI – [email protected]
16 Ahmad Badawi (YLSKAR & UKSW) ([email protected])
....... ( nama-nama selanjutnya)
Part IV ; .... ....... ( nama-nama selanjutnya)
Part V :..... ....... ( nama-nama selanjutnya)
Rationale
The MDGs agenda proposes a holistic approach to development and poverty reduction. Poverty consists of
various inter-related components, each of which needs to be addressed if poverty is to be eradicated or
reduced. Two fundamental components of the battle against poverty, as it affects women specifically, need to
be taken into account: 1) the elimination of social, cultural and political barriers that have put many women
and ethnic groups at greatest disadvantage and 2) the diligent pursuit of environmental sustainability. Climate
change is the defining human development issue of our generation. The 2007 Human Development report
acknowledges that climate change threatens to erode human freedoms and limit choice and the report further
underscores that gender inequality intersects with climate risks and vulnerabilities. Poor women’s limited
access to resources, restricted rights, limited mobility and muted voice in shaping decisions make them highly
vulnerable to climate change. The nature of that vulnerability varies widely, cautioning against generalization
but climate change will magnify existing patterns of inequality, including gender inequality. Climate change
poses potentially unprecedented threats to human development and well-being. Much of that threat consists
inter alliance in changes to hydrological cycles and rain regimes, in the effect of temperature increases on
evaporation, and in the worsening severity of extreme climate events. Humans in general will be increasingly
subject to ever greater risk and vulnerability as climate change damages humans’ means of subsistence, health
and security (UNDP, 2009).
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2001, “The impacts of climate change will be
differently distributed among different regions, generations, ages, classes, income groups, occupations and
sexes.” The IPCC also affirmed that climate change will disproportionately affect less developed countries and
people living in poverty in all countries, exacerbating inequalities in well-being and in access to food, clean
water and other resources. At the 14th Meeting of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable
Development (CSD, 2006), the Women’s Major Group pointed out that climate change has specific gender
characteristics because: 1) Women, due to their social roles, discrimination and poverty, are affected
differently by the effects of climate change and by extreme climate events that often translate into disasters;
2) Women are not sufficiently represented in decision-making processes on climate change, or adaptation and
mitigation strategies; and 3) Women must be included, not because they are “more vulnerable” but because
they have different perspectives and experiences to contribute (for example, in implementing adaptation
measures). Women, like men, have particular socially conditioned vulnerabilities and capacities; these have
developed through the socialization process and, therefore, must be dealt with accordingly. Women are
vulnerable not because they are “naturally weaker,” but because they face different conditions of vulnerability
than men. Women often live in conditions of social exclusion, such as cultural limitations to mobilize outside
their immediate environment; have less access to information to early warning systems in times of disasters,
and to forecasts of climate variability; and have difficulties in participating in training processes. Even as we
acknowledge that women are the most affected by climate change because of their socio-constructed roles
and responsibilities and their less access to resources, it is critical that women’s rights groups position women
as change makers to ensure that discourses and policies view women as active stakeholders and contributors
to climate change solutions. While positioning a stakeholder group as victims provides a chance to get them in
a legal structure as beneficiaries of any compensation package and to correct structural inequities, a legal
framework can be corrected even as inequities may continue in the broader socio-cultural space. On the other
hand, positioning women as change makers may give them more decision-making power in all spaces, from
the home to global climate change negotiation arenas.
In their roles as providers of home comfort, food, fuel, nutrition and water, women are already change
makers. Yet the above roles continue to be in the informal domain, their value undocumented in the standard
exchange value-based market economy and in measures such as the GDP. As such, economic policies, whether
local, national or global, do not consider these activities in the allocation of financial resources. This unfinished
agenda of integrating conventional work domains of women in the formal accounting framework needs to be
pushed forward to correct investment allocation plans. Otherwise, this lack of recognition can be dangerous in
current CC discourses since women’s conventional roles are the most adversely affected by climate change.
Unless pushed, no adaptation framework will automatically consider women’s lack of wellbeing if they need to
go further to fetch clean, safe water and fuel, or their increased probability of malnutrition in case of crop
failure and food insecurity (particularly in the South Asian context where women are already more caloriedeficient than men). In the last 10 years, a variety of crises and disasters happen in Indonesia. Mainly it is
caused by the failures of the global development that undermined natural resources, but ignores
the environmental capacity. As a result, the crisis deepened, including the increasing threat of disasters, like
droughts, floods, extreme weather changes, crop failures, plant pests, diseases that come continuously in
various areas. The impact of quickly climate change was faced by residents, especially women, who have
no sufficient information, survive ability, as well as lack of priority handling by the state. Regional autonomy
which is intended to facilitate people to access and control of their natural resources would narrow the
women’s space. Local Government had adopted a policy of its natural wealth in the form of business licenses
and Regional Regulation (PERDA), which do not consider with the aspects of climate change and its impact
especially on women and children.
At the level of education institutions, especially higher education institutions, the issues of climate change,
gender equality, and the relationship between them have not been included in the curriculum, teaching
materials, research, and community service. Maintenance of the environment is also determined by local
values and religious values that exist within the community. The role of higher education and religious
institutions are very strategic in contributing concept, methodology, and practice for students and the public
on both these issues, likewise with other informal institutions in society. This movement will encourage the
transformation of society to become part of a joint movement of the world community in reducing the impact
of climate change. When incorporated in analyses of climate change, the gender approach promotes
understanding of how the identities of women and men determine different vulnerabilities and capacities to
deal with climate change; such an approach can also help to attenuate the causes of climate change.
Integrating the gender approach is also helpful in designing and implementing policies, programmes and
projects that lead to greater equity and equality. In particular, it may contribute to building more capacity to
adapt to and mitigate climate change, insofar as it affords a clearer and more complete view of the relations
people have built with ecosystems.