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Civus Romanus
“I am a citizen of Rome…”
Civus Romanus
I am a citizen of Rome…
Palatine Hill
• Palatine Hill is
sandwiched between
the Coliseum, Circus
Maximus, and the
Roman Forum
• Archaeological digs
revealed evidence that
humans inhabited the
Palatine Hill from the
10th century BC
“Rome wasn’t built in a day…”
• Monuments built by
Romans throughout
the Mediterranean
show a connection
between the lands
controlled by Rome
and Rome herself
• Rome was “caput
mundi”, the capital
of the civilized world
Roman Monarchy
• Imperium = absolute
power over the people
• Rome was once a
monarchy governed by
a series of seven kings
• King Romulus founded
the monarchy in 753
BC
• The last and seventh
king was Lucius
Tarquinius in 509 BC
Roman
Republic
The Punic Wars
• The First Punic War (264-241 BC) was
concentrated entirely on the island of Sicily…after
23 years, Carthage just gave Rome Sicily
• Despite winning every single battle in the Second
Punic War (218-202 BC) up until the end, Hannibal
was forced to leave the Italian Peninsula
• Even though Carthage was reduced to a
dependent state, they started the Third Punic War
(149-146 BC)
Roman Empire
Julius Caesar
Nero
Octavian Augustus
• Between Julius Caesar’s appointment in 44 BC and the
Fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD, there were
approximately 35 Roman Emperors and eight different
dynasties
Roman Literature
• Livy’s History of Rome
took an impressive 142
scrolls to complete
• Virgil is considered the
greatest of the Roman
poets, and his greatest
work The Aeneid
• Ovid’s Metamorphoses
was an inspiration for
Dante, Chaucer, and
Shakespeare
Roman Art & Practicality
Flavian Amphitheatre
• The emperor had a
private box
• Senators sat on
marble seating divided
into 14 sections
• Wealthy Roman
citizens occupied 19
rows of marble seats
in sixteen sections
• Above them sat
poorer citizens clad in
dark garments
Roman Slavery
• When Romans
discovered a society
that did not practice
slavery, it was strange
to them
• Slaves could have no
family, and if you were
a slave who had borne
or fathered a child, the
child was not yours
The Fall of Rome
• Rome’s descent was
brought about by
Constantine, who
wanted to reunite the
two halves
• Converted to
Christianity on his
deathbed
• Divided the empire
between his sons,
who removed
Christians from gov’t
Rome’s Legacy
• “Mercy was a weakness, cruelty a virtue, and all that
mattered was personal honor, loyalty to yourself and
your family…” ~ HBO series Rome