Download WH ROMAN EPICNESS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

By: Nicole Nikonetz
Stephanie Scott
And Vicky Warnock
Time
 According to legends Rome was founded
in 753 B.C.E
Julius Caesar was born in 100 B.C.E. and
came into power in 47 B.C.E. when he
was announced dictator for life.
The western roman empire went from 286
C.E. – 476 C.E.
Location
 Rome before Caesar:
 This is Rome during
Caesar’s Rule:
 Rome after the
Roman Republic:
Political Structure
 Early Rome was lead by a series of kings. Each king was advised
by a senate made up of the heads of leading families. Citizens met
to vote on decisions made by the king and the senate.
 The senate was the most powerful body of government in the
Roman Republic
 They passed degrees, conducted foreign policy, and handled
government finances
 The first known code of law was established about 450 B.C.E. and
it was called the code of twelve tables. This set down acceptable
practices in written form. The roman law remained flexible
 Under the roman republic, the army was made up of only people
that owned land because they figured that the people that owned
land would value it more and therefore defend it better
 As they started to fight wars overseas they abolished this rule in 107
B.C.E. because they required more soldiers.
Political Structure
 Caesar’s entrance to the political system began in 59 B.C.E. when he won
an election to become consul, an official ruling over foreign lands. The
Senate blocked his hopes of future military power by assigning him to areas
that held no opportunities for power.
 So Caesar formed an alliance to compete with the Senate. The alliance
included Crassus and Pompey who were both rich and successful in
military. The alliance was sealed when Julia, Caesar’s only daughter,
married Pompey.
 Caesar was then sent to govern over Gaul. Eventually, though, the people
of Gaul rebelled against Caesar causing a number of battles that Caesar
eventually won.
 When Julia and Crassus both died, the alliance between Caesar and
Pompey (Called the Triumvate) weakened and collapsed.
 When Caesar returned in 50 B.C.E. the Senate put him on trial for the acts
he committed while being a consul. Caesar didn’t like this so he started a
civil war. In the beginning, it looked like Pompey was going to win the civil
war but Caesar was tough and Pompey fled to Egypt where he was killed.
 Caesar was officially made dictator in 47 B.C.E and 3 years later it was
announced that he would be dictator for life. Caesar increased the size of
the Senate from 300 to 900 members, in doing so he weakened it’s power
because he added many people who were supporters of him.
Political Structure
 The emperor had control over the senate
as well as most other aspects of daily life.
The senate was below the emperor but the
senate was more of just a glorified
municipal body
 The senators and equestrians positions
were passed down through generation and
helped with political matters
Economic Structure
 The roman economy was not complex and was slave based. It’s
main concern was feeding it’s large amount of citizens.
 Agriculture and trade dominated Rome’s economic fortunes
 They grew various grains, olives and grapes
 Their trade routes were established on both land and sea.
 The economy of Rome during Caesar’s rule remained mainly
agricultural. Caesar was also the first person to put his face on
coins.
 The Roman currency during the western half of the Roman Empire
consisted of coins including the aureus (gold), the denarius (silver),
the stetertius (bronze), the dupondius (bronze), and the as (copper).
These were used from the middle of the third century B.C.E. until the
middle of the third century C.E.
Social Structures
 Senatorial class: mainly political
oriented, this included the nobles
and senate, families whose
ancestors included at least one
consul, men of this class wore a
tunic with a broad stripe.
 Equestrian class: Mainly
economics, this were a man if he
possessed a stable among of
wealth. By expansion his family
members were also considered to
be apart of the class, wore a tunic
with a narrow stripe
 Commons: All freeborn Roman
citizens. Wore a toga
 Slaves: people born or sold into
slavery
Social Structures
 During Caesar’s Rule the social structure
included Caesar himself at the top as
dictator for life, then the Senate, whose
power was considerably weakened. Then
the aristocrat class and below them was
the farmers and other common people. At
the very bottom of the social scale was the
slaves.
 During his rule, Caesar encouraged the
people to hire at least 1/3 of their labor
from free citizens instead of slaves. By
doing this he ensured the poor and
landless a source of work and income.
Social Structures
 During the empire the social classes went:
Emperor, Senators, Equestrians, Common
people, Freed people, and slaves. The Latin
classes of the republic virtually disappeared but
roles in society still remained important. Where
you were on the social ladder determined how
you were treated and what you were able to do,
like emperors were treated with respect while
slaves were just thrown to the side.
Gender Roles
 Women were not allowed to drink wine, their
husband would kiss them on the lips to see if
they had been drinking, and if they had they
could be severely beaten
 Even though women had no political rights, they
still had to be treated with honour and respect
 Women did a lot of the tasks that the men
usually did, because of their absence due to
politics
Gender Roles
 Romans often feared powerful women such as queens. They didn’t
like Cleopatra because they feared that she had Caesar under a
spell.
 The lives of women varied on their position in society. Women who
came from wealthy families had most of their work done by slaves,
and spent most of their time socializing and planning their next
entertainment with friends.
 Women were expected to keep to the house. They used twig
brooms and brushes made of animal hairs. They were also required
to shop for food and essentials at the local market. Their main job
was to spin yarn and make clothing for the family.
 Women in the country were in charge of making cheese, pickling
and washing wool.
 In the cities women often worked with their craftsmen husbands,
running the store.
 There were a large number of woman entertainers, though this was
not though highly of.
Gender Roles
 Women – women were basically owned by their father
until they were married in which they were handed over
to their husbands. A woman’s possessions were not hers
by law as she was not allowed to freely obtain them,
even when she was out of her father’s control. Women
were allowed to go to festivals and public outings but
they did not have any say in government and had to be
accompanied by a male at all times.
 Men – men basically ruled everything, only men were
allowed to be in government and they had control over
their wives and daughters. Men were the only ones
allowed into the army and they got to be educated,
unlike women, who were not allowed to be there equal.
Art
Weaponry
 The soldiers basic equipment was a helmet
called a cassis, armour called lorica segmentata,
swords called gladius, throwing spear called a
pilium, a shield called a scutum, a red battle coat
and sandals.
 They used a catapult to hurl rocks at their
opponent’s base, a fire thrower which threw a
twelve foot flaming dart. They also used a
crossbow, which took large darts that looked like
missiles but they did not explode.
Architecture
 The main building materials used
were, stone, wood, ceramics and
terracotta, and metal.
 In Rome, they constructed temples
and large buildings for sacrificial
purposes to please their gods.
 Many of their buildings consisted of
large pillars for support.
 Romans were the first society to
develop aqueducts
 Rome was built on seven hills
Religion
 They worshiped Greek gods but
gave them Roman names, most
named after the planets
 The government controlled
religion in ancient Rome, priests
were government officials
 The Roman people participated in
festivals, and offered sacrifices
and offerings to please their gods
and goddesses.
 They had over 20 different gods
and goddesses which were said to
watch over them if they were
worshipped properly.
 In Roman religion, the head of
every family was considered it’s
priest and the children were his
assistants.
Awesome Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uocQ8t9K9FA
Bibliography
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http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/6524/ancientrome.htm
http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/socialclass.html
http://www.richeast.org/htwm/Greeks/Romans/weapons/weapons.html
http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/rome_building_materials.htm
http://library.thinkquest.org/26907/society.htm#woman
http://girlsoloinarabia.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/bacchustemple1.jp
g
http://www.unrv.com/economy.php
http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268312/art/figures/KISH0
80.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire
http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/socialclass.html
http://hubpages.com/hub/GenderRolesAncientRome