Download Unit3Rome - Weatherford High School

ROME
Move from Republic to Empire
(& other stuff you should know)
Founding of Rome
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jToagTve4hs
• Myth the legend
Romulus & Remus – 753 BC
• Reality
Latins, Etruscans, and
Sabines 1500 BC
Location
• Tiber River & Mediterranean Sea
• Central Italy
• seven hills
1. Why would
Rome's geographic
location be
considered a city
destined to become
great?
See a voice from
the past page 141
Religion
• borrowed ideas from Greeks &
Etruscans
Zeus = Jupiter
Hera = Juno
Ares = Mars
Christianity will
come about in
33 AD & be seen
as the primary
Religion after
Constantine
nment
blic
• power rests in citizens who have the
right to vote to select leaders
• created in 509 BC
• free-born male citizens
Architecture
Spectacular wonders like the
Coliseum created with elaborate
arches; domes and concrete walls are
also key features of Roman
architecture.
Republic Cont.
•
•
•
•
•
•
2 Consuls
Senate
Assembly
Twelve Tables- written laws
dictator
Jury trials- trial by jury of your peers
2. Compare
America’s
government to
Romans
Republic
Go to page 143 in
your textbook and
copy the chart
Twelve Tables
Culture Influences
Many ideas were borrowed from Classical
Greeks- aka Greco-Roman culture
Literature follows Greek forms and
models, but address Roman themes
Latin – remains the language of learning after fall
of Rome and becomes the official language of
the Roman Catholic Church
Life and family in Rome
#3 Vocabulary
• Patricians - aristocratic landowners
• Plebeians -common farmers, artisans,
merchants
• By law and custom, the eldest man, known
as the paterfamilias, or “father of the
family,” had power to rule the household.
He controlled all property and had
authority over all family members.
#4
• Roman women – nearly social equals of
men, ran the household and were given
authority and respect. Had personal
freedom, could own property and
businesses, and could testify in court
PUNIC WARS
Rome & Carthage both desired
control of Mediterranean
 1ST 264-241 BC, Carthage loses, Rome
takes Sicily and western Mediterranean
 2ND 218 – 202 BC, Hannibal crosses Alps
into Rome. Scipio attacks Carthage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=goAlQm7_108
PUNIC WARS
5. Explain how would Hannibal's invasion of Rome
bring challenges to the common people?
6. How was the decision to leave the capital and
attack Carthage seen as a great military move?
- Hannibal’s invasion destroyed the Roman farms.
- Newly conquered lands began to import food into Rome which led to…
* Farmers income declines.
* Latifundia (large estates) created.
Third Punic War
• Carthage no longer a threat
• 149 BC Rome lays siege to
Carthage
• 146 BC Carthage set on fire;
50,000 inhabitants sold into
slavery
This allows Rome to take complete
control of the Mediterranean Sea &
extend its territory
Conquer of Mediterranean
• citizen-soldiers- men who owned
land
• Legion- 5000 foot soldier
• Rome wisely treated conquered
people by allowing them citizenship
in the Roman Empire.
• Representative democracy- citizens
could participate in the government
by voting
The Height of the Roman Empire
• Empire stretched from Asia Minor to
the Danube & Rhine Rivers and all the
way to Great Britain
Roman governors
• Enforced Roman law and settled
providential disputes.
7. Why would it be a better
decision to have a republic form of
government in Rome compared to
the direct democracy in Greece?
Because the empire is too large to allow
every citizen to come to the capital to
vote therefore with a Roman Republic
representatives were put in place to vote
on the people’s behalf.
The Height of the Roman Empire
#8 Vocabulary
Pax Romana- 207 years of Roman Peace at
the beginning of Augustus rule
Roman Prosperity- paved roads, aqueducts,
drained swamps, irrigation systems for
the deserts Roman Sculptures arch, dome,
concrete mosaics
Roman Citizenship
• By 212 AD, virtually all free people in the
Empire became Roman citizens.
9. How would the development of paved
roads & aqueducts be considered helpful
and important cultural influences?
aqueducts were used to
transport water to urban
areas and roads allowed
for quick trade
Major trade items: grain,
wine, silk (from China)
metals, silk, and olive oil
arches
10. What type of Roman engineering did
America take from Rome?
Slavery
• Slavery was a significant part of
Roman life. It was wide spread and
important to the economy.
• Slavery was mostly conquered people
(men, women and children), and
children born to slaves were slaves.
• Gladiators- were strong, healthy
males forced to fight to the death in
public contest
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0DxK1ZEMcg
The Roman Empire will fall.
11. List some possible causes for the
decline of Rome.
12. Which of the following would you
consider to be the most significant factor
that contributed to the fall of the Roman
Empire? WHY?
POLITICAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC
MILITARY
13. If you were the Emperor and
you could see the invasion crisis,
what would you do to protect
your Empire?
Empire Splits
Emperor Diocletian splits Empire
• Eastern & Western Empire
• Greek & Latin speaking nations
Constantine restores the Empire
• moved the capital city to
Constantinople aka New Rome
#14 Vocabulary• Edict of Milan- declares Christianity as a
religion, ends persecution of Christians
Empire splits again into Roman & Byzantine Empire
Religious Split
a.
The city of Constantinople will flourish and
Rome will decline economically
b.
The distance & lack of contact will cause
divisions in doctrines and rituals
c.
Icons- religious images were banned in the
east which caused religious dispute b/t the
E. &W.
d.
Schism- religious and permanent split b/t
the Roman Catholic Church (West) &
Eastern Orthodox Church (East)
Byzantine Empire
Government- absolute monarch
Emperor Justinian 534 AD
• New Code of Laws which would be the
foundations of western law (life, marriage,
slavery, property, inheritance, women’s
rights, crime, etc.)
• Building program to rebuild fortifications of
Constantinople (school, hospitals, baths,
churches, etc.)
• Hagia Sophia- most splendid church in the
Christian world filled with rich mosaics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=KRPp3jzv1Tw
Hagia Sophia
15. How would Constantinople’s
geographical factors contribute to
its success?
16. How could
Constantinople’s
location help to
spread
Christianity?
Do the Primary Source“Edict of Milan”