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The Rise of Rome The Roman Republic /www.wallsfeed.com The Roman Republic • The Legend of Romulus and Remus • Aeneas (Trojan) leads small group, wanders Mediterranean – Settle on Italian coast, found Alba Longa – 400 yrs ruled by Aeneas family • Numitor vs. Amulius – Brothers – N. older but A. took throne by force http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • The Legend of Romulus and Remus • Numitor vs. Amulius – A. forces N.’s only daughter, Rhea, to be Vestal Virgin (*no heir*) – Rhea has twins, Romulus and Remus • claims Mars is the father • A. orders boys killed – Escape in a basket, raised by a wolf http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • The Legend of Romulus and Remus • R. & R. kill Amulius and restore kingdom to Numitor • R. & R. want to start their own city. Disagree on location • Omen of the Vultures – Both think it favors their choice. Romulus kills Remus • Romulus founds Rome 753 B.C. – Disappears in a thunderstorm http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Geography • Rome founded on 7 hills – More easily defended • Fertile soil • Tiber River • Apennines Mountain Range - East • Tyrrhenian Sea – West • Adriatic Sea - East • Center of the Italian Peninsula – Advantages http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Etruscans • Located N. of Rome • Took control around 600 BC • Romans revolt ~ 509 BC – According to ancient Roman historians. Date in question – Lucretia • Romans keep many Etruscan ideas – Alphabet, gods, clothing http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Founding of the Republic • Romans don’t want absolute ruler – Found Republic • Male + age 15 + descendents of original tribes = citizen (originally) – Definition changes over time – Different levels of citizen http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Government • Classes – Patricians: • Family had $$, full citizen, top/elite class – Plebeians: • Working class, citizen (could not vote or hold office) – Slaves: • POWs, could earn or buy freedom and become citizen http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Government • Senate – Similar to legislative branch – Originally 300 patrician men, plebeians could not hold office • Consuls – – – – Two officials Chief executives Led the Senate One year term http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Government • Dictator – Only used in emergencies – Appointed by Senate – Six month office • Praetor – Junior Consuls – Served as judges – Help develop laws http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Patrician vs. Plebeian • Different attitudes and interests – Patricians had the RIGHT to rule – Plebeians wanted the RIGHT to be respected • Plebeians form their own groups, protect interests • Plebeians migrate to cities for work http://us.123rf.com The Roman Republic • Patrician vs. Plebeian • Plebeians refuse to fight in military – Threaten to walk out • Twelve Tables – Laws for all citizens (Patricians and Plebeians) http://us.123rf.com