Download NonVerbal - Sanger ISD

Nonverbal
Communication
Communication without words; a
process by which an individual
stimulates meaning in the mind of
another person through intentional
and unintentional messages through
use of the body and voice
Everything except the
WORDS.
• It includes:
• SOUNDS
• BODY LANGUAGE
• ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS
Functions of Nonverbal
Behavior
RELATES to verbal
communication
•
It often accompanies a person’s words.
Repeat or REINFORCE
Nonverbal message conveys the same
idea as the verbal; can take either
verbal or nonverbal message away and
it still gives the same message
Examples: saying “Hello” while waving
or saying “Be quiet” while holding index
finger up to your mouth
"I'm
fine."
Contradicts
Nonverbal goes against verbal; they do not
match up
Examples: Nodding yes while shaking head
no, saying “I’m fine” when your head is
hanging down with slumped shoulders, etc.
Note: Which is more believable when verbal
and nonverbal behaviors are contradictory?
Why?
Substitute
nonverbal message replaces verbal
message; (also called emblems)
Examples: waving to say hello, thumbs
up for “good job,” clapping at a concert,
hitchhiker thumb
Complement
Nonverbal supports verbal; used to show how
to do something, show sizes, or emphasize
emotional feelings; we complement the verbal
message with the nonverbal message when
demonstrating something or giving directions
& pointing (also called illustrators)
Examples: “The fish was this big” while
holding hands out to indicate size or “I’m so
frustrated!” while shaking fists
Accent
Use of gestures & facial expressions
to emphasize or punctuate spoken
words (also called illustrators)
Examples: yelling “That’s it!” while pounding
fist, emphasizing words through tone of voice,
saying “My first point…” while holding up one
finger
Regulate
Nonverbal cues that control or regulate the
interaction of flow of communication
between ourselves and another person
(Called regulators)
Examples: nodding head and saying “uh
huh,” giving eye contact, opening mouth
to speak, leaning forward, raising
eyebrows, or raising index finger
• Conveys EMOTIONAL and
RELATIONSHIP dimensions
of a message
Characteristics of
Nonverbal
Communication
• SUBCONSCIOUS: most often; not aware
of the message. we process and interpret
on this level.
•
•
•
CONTEXTUAL: dependent upon the
situation
AMBIGUOUS: open to interpretation and
can be confusing
CULTURAL: dependent upon culture
Characteristics of a
Positive Professional
Image
• CONFIDENCE
• POISE
• ASSERTIVENESS
• IMMEDIACY
Voice: human sound
Communication through voice (vocal cues other than
words = paralanguage) such as…
• Pitch
• Inflection
• Volume
• Tone
• Rate
• Pause
• Silence
• Laughter
• Vocalizations
BODY TALK
•
visual messages we send with our
physical presence
Personal Appearance
•
•
DRESS: attire
GROOMING: hygiene, smell, hair,
shaving, etc...
Kinesics:
The study of human movement and
gesture, including facial expression &
eye contact
POSTURE: how you hold yourself
MUSCULAR TONE/TENSION: shows
comfort level
Also: Movement and
Gestures
•
•
MOVEMENT: way you walk or move
GESTURES: movement of any part of the
body
Also: Facial
communication
•
•
EYE COMMUNICATION: contact,
regulate interaction, provide space
DIRECT eye contact often viewed as
honesty/integrity
Affect displays
Nonverbal behaviors used to
communicate emotions
Examples: hugging someone to express
love or shaking fist at someone to show
anger
Adaptors
Nonverbal behaviors that help us to
satisfy a personal need and adapt
to the immediate situation; not really
intending to communicate meaning
Examples: scratching mosquito bite,
adjusting glasses, combing hair,
pulling hanging thread of clothing, etc.
ENVIRONMENTAL
CUES
•
the way you use space, distance and
territoriality
Proxemics:
Communication through the use of space
Territoriality- fixed area that is occupied,
controlled and defended by a person or
group as their exclusive domain;
regulates social interaction; can be
source of conflict; indicates ownership
(permanent or temporary)
Zones of Space:
Intimate: 0- 1 and ½ feet
Personal: 1 and ½ - 4 feet
Social: 4-12 feet
Public: Beyond 12 feet
•
•
TERRITORY: people may identify a
space, claim it, and protect it. SENDS A
MESSAGE!
TOUCH: Rules and norms have shifted.
Watch it!
CHRONEMICS: TIME
communication
•
How you use time sends strong
messages about YOU, your
PERCEPTIONS of others, your
relationships with them and your
ATTITUDE about responsibilities.
ARTIFACTS: articles of
adornment for you or your
surroundings
•
•
•
OBJECTS: all the materials you keep in
your space
COLOR: highly associated with emotions
and meanings
FRAGRANCE/ODOR: sense of smell is
directly linked to emotion and memory