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7.12 Organisms and Environments. The student knows that living systems at all levels of organization demonstrate the complementary nature of structure and function. The student is expected to: (B) Identify the main functions of the system of the human organism, including the circulatory, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, digestive, excretory, reproductive, integumentary, nervous, and endocrine systems. (Supporting Standard) (E) Compare the functions of a cell to the functions of organisms such as waste removal. FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To provide the body with oxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the body. Allows the body to breathe- inhale and exhale ORGANS: lungs, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pharynx, nose/mouth, and diaphragm (a muscle) COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: This system is similar to the cell membrane allowing cretin things in to and out of the cell. FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To transport and deliver materials throughout the body. The heart pumps blood, circulating it between the body heat and lungs. ORGANS: heart, blood vessels: artery, veins, capillaries, and bloodtechnically it’s a tissue! COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: This system would be similar to the functions of a golgi body with in a cell identifying and delivering materials. FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To protect you from infections and foreign materials and helps regulate body temperature. ORGANS: skin, hair, nails COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: This is similar to the cell membrane keeping things out of a cell. FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To provide the body with the ability to move. Skeletal muscles move bones, smooth muscles moves materials though internal organs, and cardiac muscle keep your heart beating. ORGANS: Muscles, there are many! Examples: bicep and triceps (tendons too) COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: Some single celled creatures have small hairs called flagella that allow them to move. FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To provide the body with a framework of support and structure, stores minerals, allows for movement, and manufactures new red blood cells. ORGANS: Bones (cartilage and ligaments COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: With multiple functions it could be compared to the cell wall, the Endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, and or the cytoplasm. FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To breakdown food into simple nutrients that the body can use. This system mechanically and chemically digest food so it can be absorbed and used in the body. ORGANS: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestine, gallbladder, liver, pancreas. COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: This system is most similar to the lysosome that digest cells waste and removes it from the cell. FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To remove waste from the blood. Kidneys constantly clean blood as it circulates through them. ORGANS: kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: this system is similar to the lysosome because it removes waste and also similar to the cell membrane because blood must pass through the filter like going through the cell membrane FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To produce chemical messages that regulate and control the growth and development of the body. ORGANS: Pituitary, thyroid, thymus, adrenal, testes (Males), ovaries (Female), pancreas COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: This is similar to the endoplasmic reticulum in how it makes new materials and send them throughout the cell FUNCTION OF SYSTEM: To send and receive electrical messages throughout the body. To control the functions of the body. ORGANS: brain, spinal cord, nerves COMPARISON TO CELL FUNCTION: This system would be similar to the nucleus of a cell- controlling all the activities that that place.