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Protosome-Protozoa Domain: Eukaryotic Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Platyhelminthes Inside No circulatory system A. Diffusion No Respiratory organs A. Diffusion for respiration 1. Makes them vulnerable to fluid loss, therefore live in water No anus A. Regurgitate undigested material through the gastrovascular cavity, pharynx, and mouth Nervous system A. Simple brain 1. Ganglion-simple bundles of nerves ventral nerve cord-run down each side of flatworm Outside Multicellular Bilaterally symmetrical Unsegmented Flattened Soft Bodies Asexual Transversal Bipartition regenerate their tissues Sexual Hermaphrodites Have both male and female parts Subgroups Turbellaria Largest of the three Monogenea No more than two cm in length Trematoda No more than two cm in length Examples Tapeworms Planaria Flukes Parasitic Free living Monogenea, and Turbullerians Trematoda Feed off of a host Infect blood and organs of host Capture Prey Most are carnivores Have a pharynx that pumps food into Including humans gastrointestinal cavity Have a pharynx that pumps Heterotrophs food into gastrointestinal Prey on: cavity annelids, arthropods, Heterotrophs mollusks, and tunicates No internal cavity Cnidarians and Ctenophores Acoemorphic Organs have direct contact with the epithelium Platyhelminthes More "advanced" bilaterians Bilateral symmetry No Yes Number of main cell layers Two, with jelly-like layer between them Three Distinct brain No Yes Digestive system No Yes Specialized excretory system No Yes Body cavity containing internal organs No Yes Specialized circulatory and respiratory organs No Yes Protosome-Ecdsozoa Domain: Eukaryotic Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Inside Outside No circulatory system diffusion Nitrogenous waste excretes through body wall form of ammonia no specific organs Four peripheral nerves Run the length of the body Ventral nerve -largest Combines both sensory and motor Dorsal nerve -motor control Lateral nerves-sensory Smaller nerves -supply the sensory organs of the head Reproductive system Have distinct males and females Males find females and mate Males are usually smaller than females Multicellular Cylindrical Bilateral Symmetry Head is radially symmetrical sensory bristles Adhesive 'caudal gland' found at the tip of the tail Subgroups Class Dorylaimea Class Enoplea Class Secernentea Subclass Diplogasteria Subclass Rhabditia Subclass Spiruria Subclass Tylenchia "Chromadorea“ *Examples Vinegar eels Caenorhabditis elegans Toxocara canis Hookworms Parasitic Free living Oral cavity with cuticle Oral cavity Four molts of the cuticle Play important role in the Hookworms, Pinworms, Whipworms Feed mostly on humans and household animals Trichina worm Feed on rats, pigs and other animals decomposition process Feed on: Algae fungi small animals fecal matter dead organisms living tissues. Thick cuticle that covers body Above epidermis layer can be shed for growth two or three distinct layers Angelicka^2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nematode#Reproduction http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flatworm http://www.wetwebmedia.com/f latworms.htm