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The main founder of Judaism is
Abraham. He was a citizen of the
ancient city sate of Harran, and was told
by god the practices of Judaism. He
was told to move to Canaan (Modern
day Israel) with the Hebrews to spread
the religious beliefs.
-Occurred during the Bronze Age
Judaism originated from Abraham, and
expanded through Mesopotamia. Later
the Hebrews will flourish in Harran and
expand Judaism beliefs to vast areas.
Early Judaism is told in the Hebrew Bible
(Old Testament). God controlled the
power of humans, and told them the
guidelines of life. It is for this belief, that
Judaism became a structured religion.
The star of David, probably the most
common symbol of Judaism, but the
least known about it. People are not
completely sure of what the star
represents. The most common belief is
it represents the star on King David’s
shield.
Yarmulke, is worn on the heads of
Jewish people.
Menorah, is another major symbol that
is mostly found around Chanukah. It
represents the major Jewish holiday.
Chai, Represents the Jewish word of
living and reflects the importance of life.
At most dinners Chai is toasted to. Chai
is found on Jewish jewelry and clothing.
Hamesh Hand, is found on jewelry as
well, and meaning is unknown. It is
believed to be the protection form the
evil eye.
Abraham- The founder of Judaism and was
told by god himself the beliefs of Judaism.
David- The fisrt king of Judasim around 1000
B.C.E. He is most famous for fighting Goliath.
God sent Samuel to find a new leader, which
was David.
Moses-Maimonides- Lived in the Golden Age
when Spain was under control by Muslim rule.
He was Judaism's greatest philosopher,
because of his influence on the religion. He
wrote “The Guide for The Perplexed” which
spoke of Jewish law.
Moses- He lead the escape from Egyptian
rule. As told in the bible he parted the Red
Sea and received the 10 Commandments
from God. Jewish people still celebrate this
day as Passover.
Location Of Origin- First came
about in Canaan, but then moved
into Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the
Middle East.
Major Locations Today-
The
major locations of Judaism are found
in the U.S, Europe, and Israel.
Number of Followers- There are
about 14 million followers in Judaism
today, making it one of the most
popular religions.
Work Cited
www.religionfacts.com?judaism/fast facts.htm
www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judiasm
www.religionfacts.com/judasim/history.htm
www.jewfaq.com
Spread of Judaism
• Diaspora
– Jewish people scattered from Israel
– Took beliefs with them
– Converted some to Judaism
– Majority of followers come from hereditary
tradition
Migration
s
Expulsion
s
The Torah
Given to Moses in written form with oral commentary
Torah (The Law)
Nevi’im (The Prophets)
Kethuvim (The Writings)
Bereishith (Genesis)
Yehoshua (Joshua)
Tehillim (Psalms)
Shemoth (Exodus)
Shoftim (Judges)
Mishlei (Proverbs)
Vayiqra (Leviticus)
Shmuel (I & II Samuel)
Iyov (Job)
Bamidbar (Numbers)
Melakhim (I & II Kings)
Shir Ha-Shirim (Song of
Songs)
Devarim (Deuteronomy)
Yeshayah (Isaiah)
Ruth
Yirmyah (Jeremiah)
Eikhah (Lamentations)
Yechezqel (Ezekiel)
Qoheleth (Ecclesiastes)
The Twelve (Hosea
through Malachi)
Esther
Daniel
Ezra and Nechemyah
(Nehemiah)
Divrei Ha-Yamim
Other Writings
• Talmud
– Oral portion of the Torah
• Midrashim
– Stories expounding on existing Torah stories
• Responsa
– Answers to specific questions about Jewish
law
• Kabbalah
– Mystical traditions
Places of Worship
• Synagogue
– House of Prayer
– Independent community organization
– Many symbolic structures and objects
• The Temple
– Only place where sacrifices and other rituals
were performed
– Destroyed by Romans in 70 CE
– Site currently occupied by Muslim mosque
Roles of Men and Women
Men
• More religious
responsibilities/obligation
s
• Patriarchs are traditional
leaders of family
• Traditionally are religious
leaders
– i.e. Rabbis
• Provide for their families
Women
• Held in position of respect
– Separate but equal
• Exempt from some
commandments
– Role of mother is more
important
• Usually discouraged
from pursuing higher
religious/secular
education
Holy Places
• The Promised Land
Rest of Middle
East
– Sinai Peninsula and general area of Israel
– Given to them by God for their faithfulness
– Scattered by various conquerors, esp. Romans
• Jerusalem
Israel and
– The Holy City of Judaism
surrounding Areas
– After conquering it, it became the capitol of their
Egypt kingdom
– Location of Solomon’s Temple
Holidays
Holiday
Reason
Passover
Commemorates liberation of the
children of Israel from the Egyptians
Rosh Hashanah
New Year festival; commemorates the
Creation
Yom Kippur
Day of Atonement; most sacred day
Sukkot
Commemorates years spent in the
wilderness after escaping from Egypt
Hanukkah
Festival of Lights; commemorates
miracle of oil in the 2nd Temple
Tisha B’av
Commemorates tragedies
Tu B’Shevat
‘New Year for Trees’; one of four ‘New
Years’
Yom Hashoah
Day of remembrance of the Holocaust
MAJOR BELIEFS
Creation
• God created the world in 7 days
– Day 1: Creation of light
– Day 2: Heavens and the Earth
– Day 3: Trees and plants
– Day 4: Stars, Moon, and Sun
– Day 5: Animals in the air and water
– Day 6: Animals on the land
– Day 7: Mankind (Adam and Eve)
End Times
• Olam Ha-Ba (The Messianic Age)
– A peaceful coexistence of all mankind
– Great prosperity
– Return of all Jews to Israel
– Temple rebuilt in Jerusalem
– Ushered in by the coming of the Mashiach
(Messiah)
Commandments
• The 10
Commandments
– God is the only God
– Do not worship idols
– Do not take the Lord’s
name in vain
– Remember the Sabbath
day
– Honor your parents
– Do not kill
– Do not commit adultery
– Do not steal
– Do not lie
– Do not covet
• Other Commandments
– Halakhah (Jewish Law)
– Mitzvot D’Oraita (Torah)
• 613 unchangeable mitzvot
– 248 ‘positive’
– 365 ‘negative’
– Mitzvot D’Rabbanan
(Rabbis)
• Gezeirah (Add to Torah)
• Takkanah (Public Welfare)
• Minhag (Customs)
Purpose of Life
• Fulfill
commandments
– Rule over the world
– Become closer to
God
• Attain fulfillment of
intellect
• Be a ‘dwelling place’
for God
• Fulfill your specific
purpose (individual)
Influence on Art, Architecture, et cetera
• Decorations on places of worship
– Temple in Jerusalem to Catholic cathedrals
• Symbolic representation of God in artwork
• Religious themes in literature
– Creation & Fall of Man (Paradise Lost)
• Other religious development
– Christianity stemmed from Judaism
Works Cited
American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. Jewish Virtual Library. 2012. Web. 14 October
2012.
Barrow, Mandy. "Jewish Festivals." 2012. Woodlands Junior School. Web. 14 October 2012.
Dubov, Nissan Dovid. "What is Life's Purpose?" n.d. Chabad.org. Web. 14 October 2012.
Moses, et al. The Old Testament. n.d. Document.
Rich, Tracey R. Judaism 101. 2012. Web. 14 October 2012.
Photos
•
Spread of Judaism
–
•
The Torah
–
•
–
http://www.judaism.com/display.asp?etn=GIJAG
http://enjoyfestivals.com/why-jews-blow-shofar-sound-of-shofar-tekiah-shevarim-teruah-gedolah/1517/
[shofar]
http://www.justsymbol.com/menorah-3.html
[menorah]
Creation
–
–
•
http://wunrn.com/news/2008/10_08/10_27_08/102708_israel.htm
[women]
http://www.sodahead.com/living/is-it-unethical-to-join-j-date-if-you-arent-jewish/question-239026/
[man]
Holidays
–
•
[synagogue]
[Temple model]
Holy Places
–
•
http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/p/m/1eeca8/
http://desertfathersincense.com/history.html
Roles of Men and Women
–
–
•
http://ngabo.org/prophetic/seasons/universe/kabbalah_explanation.htm
Places of Worship
–
–
•
http://frted.wordpress.com/2011/01/04/reading-scripture-the-old-testament-the-torah-and-prophecy/
Other Writings
–
•
http://www.lds.org/ensign/1982/01/judah-through-the-centuries
http://www.prlog.org/11409306-the-creation-of-adam.html
[God and Adam]
http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sheep_in_field_with_other_livestock.jpg [sheep]
Influence
–
http://www.wikipaintings.org/en/gustave-dore/paradise-lost-4
[Paradise Lost]