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AND NATURAL SELECTION Before we begin… EVOLUTION is a topic that might be controversial with your family. That’s okay. • Let’s call it “CHANGE OVER TIME”. • There’s many ways that populations can change over time…. • Natural selection…. Those organisms well equip to survive will pass on trats • There’s artificial selection... people (instead of nature) select which organisms get to reproduce • …And sexual selection... • EVOLUTION…. • Refers to the process in which populations gradually change over time. • CHARLES DARWIN… • Developed a theory of how evolution takes place. It is a result of complex interactions between environment and organisms over many years. • There is variation in traits. For example, some beetles are green and some are brown. Sometimes a result of mutations. • There is overproduction. Since the environment can't support unlimited population growth, not all individuals get to reproduce to their full potential. In this example, green beetles tend to get eaten by birds and survive to reproduce less often than brown beetles do. • There is adaptation and selection. The surviving brown beetles have brown baby beetles because this trait has a genetic basis. Those with the most advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. • End result: The more advantageous trait, brown coloration, which allows the beetle to have more offspring, becomes more common in the population. If this process continues, eventually, all individuals in the population will be brown. SLOW DOWN UP THERE! I’M THE FASTEST! What would happen if we combined these two ideas ? Variation from Sexual Reproducti on + Limiting Factors THE SLOWEST OF THE HERD GETS EATEN THE FASTEST OF THE HERD SURVIVE AND PASS ON TRAITS TO OFFSPRING And the population changes to include much faster buffalo over time!