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Transcript
Climate Change Glossary adaptation: a strategy to adjust to the impacts and effects of climate change; the way we cope with climate change atmosphere: layers of gases surrounding the Earth, made up of multiple layers: the closest layer to the Earth is the troposphere (where weather takes place), above that is the stratosphere (part of this layer, the ozone layer, helps protect Earth from UV radiation), then comes the mesosphere, and finally the ionosphere albedo: The amount of light reflected off of an object on a scale from 0-1; white has an albedo of 1 while black has an albedo of 0. blackbody: an object that absorbs all of the radiation that hits it. climate system: the way the physical atmosphere, land, and ocean interact with the Earth’s biosphere and humans to determine the weather at any given location energy: the ability to do work; it is usually measured in Joules. Energy used over time is Power, which is measured in Watts. fossil fuels: hydrocarbon deposits, such as petroleum, coal, or natural gas, derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel. goldilocks effect: comparison of greenhouse effect among Venus, Mars, and Earth: Venus is too hot, Mars is too cold, Earth is just right. The other two planets are unable to sustain life as we know it. greenhouse effect: the ability of the atmosphere to trap heat because of the presence of greenhouse gases. greenhouse gases (GHGs): atmospheric gases that absorb and emit radiation; the main GHGs are water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide, ozone, and nitrous oxide. heat: thermal energy or energy that increases a body’s temperature; energy transfer due to heat can be through conduction, radiation, or convection. mitigation: To moderate or lessen the force or intensity. Mitigating climate change mostly involves decreasing the emissions of greenhouse gases to stop the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. radiation: energy transfer through the electromagnetic spectrum (light, long wavelength (sunlight), short wave length (blackbody). weather: weather is an expression of climate and the climate system; it occurs on short time scales.
