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Evolution and Natural Selection April 17, 2009 Is Darwin on the test? • Traveled around the world on the HMS Beagle and studied species in the Galapagos Islands off the coast of S. America. • Collected evidence that led to the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. • Wrote On the Origin of Species Darwin’s background information: • Hutton and Lyle determine that the Earth is REALLY old and ALWAYS changing. Darwin’s background information: • Lamarck proposes that species change by using traits more or less – For example Popeye worked out and had lots of muscles so his offspring would be more muscled. – Did not make sense when looking at actual offspring i.e. Dad is fat and slow, kid is skinny and fast… Darwin’s background information: • Malthus said that even human populations are controlled by the environment– War, famine, and disease keep us from running out of land, resources, etc. Darwin’s background information: • Natural Variance- variation from one individual to another within a single species. Describe the following individuals characteristics: Darwin’s background information: • Artificial Selectiondomestic plants/animals are bred based on preferred natural variation characteristics. – Ex: the fastest male and female horse will be bred to produce the genetically fastest horse offspring. The evolution revolution. • Creationism and Natural Selection • Darwin wrote a TON of journals with instructions that they be published only if he had died. • Darwin finally published 25 years after his travels. • http://www.catholic.com/library/Adam_Eve_and_Evolution.asp Evolution by what? • Natural Selection is the force behind evolution. • Natural selection means that any natural variation in an individual that benefits the individual will be passed on more then natural variation in an individual that harms the individual. • So helpful variation gets multiplied, harmful variation gets dead…until those helpful things buildup and the creature is too different then it’s ancestor to be the same species. I will survive… • Another term for natural selection is survival of the fittest. – Those most “fit” for their home will fit in and find a girl. – Those less “fit” for their home will not get the girl, the food, the glory… – Sooner or later, the “most fit” are way different then their ancestors-new species. A new species. • A species has evolved when there is a generation so different, that it can no longer produce offspring with individuals like and from the ancestors species. Descending: • Slow change from one species into another is known as the Descent with Modification Theory. • The theory that all life evolved from a single ancestor species is known as Common Descent. Homework: • Outline chapter 14, section 3. • Answer the chapter 14.3 section assessment. • Due Monday. • Don’t forget to bring back your signed permission slips and parent chaperone volunteer’s contact information.