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• • ECOLOGY VOCABULARY habitat-‐ The specific environment where an organism lives based on what the organisms requires to survive. Defined by how much water, oxygen, and food is required by an organism. producer(s)-‐ organisms that convert the sun’s energy into stored food. i.e. make food by photosynthesis. • food-‐ a diagram that uses arrows to show who eats and whom AND shows the direction the energy in the ecosystem is moving/flowing. • population-‐ a group of the same species of organisms living in a specific habitat or location. Example: all the Canis lupus living in Yellowstone National Park • ecosystem-‐ the living organisms (biotic) and the physical (abiotic) environment in an area • photosynthesis-‐ process used by producers to convert the sun’s energy into stored food. Requires: carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight • decomposers-‐ organisms that break dead and waste matter into nutrients. Examples: fungi, bacteria. • . carrying capacity-‐ largest population of a species that can survive long-‐term based on resources available. • predator-‐ organism that kills another in order to eat it. • prey-‐ organisms that is killed an eaten by another organism. • predation-‐ describes what a predator does. • biome-‐ area defined by interaction of climate, geography, plant and animal life • scientific name-‐ two word name consisting of genus and species names . Example: scientific name for all humans is Homo sapiens. Homo is the genus name and sapiens is the species name. • consumers-‐ organisms that do not make food; eat other organisms • primary consumers-‐ organisms that eat producers • secondary consumers-‐ organisms that eat primary consumers • tertiary consumers-‐ organisms that eat secondary consumers. • energy pyramid-‐ diagram showing the relationship in a food web. Illustrates that only 10% of the energy is passed from one level to the next. 90% of the energy is used by the organisms to survive.