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Nordic Centers of Excellence
- a platform for international research collaboration:
Example from climate research
Dr. Ilona Riipinen
on behalf of
Prof. Markku Kulmala and
The CRAICC / CBACCI / BACCI teams
NCoE CRAICC: Cryosphere-Atmosphere Interactions
in Changing Arctic Climate
Air pollution –
climate interactions
(Arneth et al.,
Science, 2009)
Estimated that up to
70% of Arctic
warming since 1976
is due to decreases
in sulphate aerosols
and parallel
increases in
Black Carbon
emissions
(Shindell and
Faluvegi, Nature
Geoscience, 2009)
E
Other feedbacks
in the climate
system
B
Arctic warming
A
Forcing
- direct anthropogenic
- indirect anthropogenic
- natural
Climate change / Focus on the Arctic
C
E
m
i
s
D
s
i o n s
Society and
human activities
Changes in the
cryosphere
-snow
- sea ice
- land ice
Interlinks between different components in climate change and cryosphere
CRAICC PARTNERS
DENMARK:
• University of Aarhus, Dept. of
Atmospheric Environment (NERI)
• University of Copenhagen, Dept. of
Chemistry
• Risø National Laboratory
FINLAND:
• University of Helsinki, Dept. of
Physics, Dept of Forest Sciences, Dept
of Geosciences and Geography, and
Dept of Environmental Sciences
• Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI)
• University of Eastern Finland
ICELAND:
• University of Iceland
NORWAY:
• University of Oslo, Department of
Geosciences
• Norwegian Univ. of Science and
Technology
• Norwegian Meteorological Institute
• Norwegian Insititute for Air Research
(NILU)
SWEDEN:
• Lund University, Dept of Physics
• Stockholm University, Dept of
Physical Geography and Quaternary
Geology
• Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences
• University of Gothenburg, Dept of
Chemistry
How to meet the research and innovation needs
– why are we a center of excellence?
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Clear and ambitious vision
Empirical and experimental (laboratory, field, instrument development...)
Theoretical (basic theories, simulations, model development..)
Supradisciplinary (physics, chemistry, biology, meteorology, etc.)
From research to innovations; new SMEs
Collaboration
Spirit of publishing
Continuity
Kulmala et al., 2009, EUCAARI, ACP
Continuous measurements and
measurement networks
– spatial and temporal coverage
SMEAR II Hyytiälä
BACCI network through Nordic countries
Stations:
Nordic Centre of excellence BACCI
Centers of excellence: From national to global level
Abbreviations:
ABS=Atmosphere-Biosphere Studies;
ACTRIS = European aerosol and atmospheric chemistry infrastructure;
BACCI= Research Unit on Biosphere-Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions;
CBACCI=Carbon- Biosphere-Atmosphere-Cloud-Climate- Interactions;
COPAL= COmmunity heavy-PAyload Long endurance Instrumented Aircraft for
Tropospheric Research in Environmental and Geo-Sciences;
CRAICC= Cryosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing Arctic Climate;
EINAR= European Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Earth System Research;
EUCAARI= European Integrated Project on Aerosol-Cloud-Climate-Air Quality
Interactions;
EUSAAR= European Supersites for Atmospheric Aerosol Research;
FCoE=Finnish Centre of Excellence in Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Meteorology of
Atmospheric Composition and Climate Change;
GS= Finnish graduate school; IAGOS= In-service Aircraft for Global Observing System;
ICOS =Integrated Carbon Observation System;
IGBP= International Geosphere-Biosphere Program;
iLEAPS=integrated Land Ecosystem Atmosphere Processes Study;
IMECC= Infrastructure for Measurements of the European Carbon Cycle;
P-S GAW= Pallas-Sodankylä Global Atmosphere Watch Station;
PEGASOS= Pan-European Gas-AerosSOls-climate interaction Study;
SIOS= Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System;
SMEAR=Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations
Why Nordic collaboration?
• Research
– Boreal, Arctic focus
– Similar environmental problems and impacts
– According to our experience: effective
• Science policy
– Traditions
– Joint Nordic efforts
• EU projects
• global visibility, EINAR
• Knowledge transfer
– Similar education, joint degrees needed
• Practical
– Short distances – personal meetings
– Common history, easy to understand each other
– Seminars, courses, workshops, research visits, visiting professors