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21H580 Lecture Outlines Fall 2003 OCW Materials Topic 6: Caravans and Conquest: Song to Mongols. Marco Polo, Rabban Sauma, and Kublai Khan READING: Article #9 (Fletcher) in Reader; Marco Polo; Rossabi Oct. 6 2003 Outline 1. Discussion of Whitfield Regional Shifts and Trends, 900 – 1200 CE 1. The Rise of Islam, 600-1000 ca. 570 CE Birth of Muhammad in Mecca 610 Muhammad’s first revelations 613 Muhammad begins public preaching 622 Hijrah: 1st year of Islamic calendar 630 Occupation of Mecca by Muslims 632 Death of Muhammad 661 Establishment of Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus [Origin of Sunni – Shi’ite split] 749 Abbasids seize Caliphate, transfer capital to Baghdad 945 End of Abbasid Caliphate 2. The Maritime Silk Road 3. The Formation of Russia 980 Prince Vladimir grand Prince of Kiev 988 Conversion of Kievan Rus to Christianity 1055-88 Attacks by Polovtsy and Volga Bulgars. 1147 1st mention of Moscow 1240 Mongols conquer Kiev 4. China Divided No. Song [960-1127] So. Song.[1127-1279] Liao [907-1124] [ruled by Khitans] Jin [1115-1234] [ruled by Jurchens] Xixia [1038- ] [ruled by Tanguts] 938 CE: Beijing first becomes a dynastic capital 5. Who’s in the Middle? Uighurs Seljuq Turks Khazars Byzantine Empire: 1071 Battle of Manzikert; loss of Asian Minor to Turks.