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By Mostafa Abo Elsoud (National Research Center, Egypt) Supervised by Marina Lyashko Svetlana Aksenova Laboratory of Radiation Biology (LRB), JINR, Russia. The SOS response in Escherichia coli bacteria is a set of inducible physiological reactions that help a cell to survive after the treatment with various DNAdamaging agents, such as ultraviolet, ionizing radiation and some chemicals. More than 40 genes are induced in response to DNA damage as part of the SOS regulon in Escherichia coli. SOS repair may result in SOS mutagenesis due to the inhibition of the proofreading activity of the epsilon subunit of DNA Pol III. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) And pyrimidine pyrimidone photoproductUV (6-4 PP) Lex A RecA Umuc, SOS UmuD, gene boxDinI RecA* ssDNA+RecA+ATP RecA* DinI LexA UmuD . umuC umuD dinI UmuD’ . UmuD2 UmuD’2 UmuC UmuD2C UmuD’2C Pol V UmuDD’C UmuDD’