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Variation and Inheritance
WILF: To learn how
characteristics can vary.
with…
The Mr Men Match.
With Mr Hemming
Meet our Mr Men
And our Little Misses
Now lets meet their children!
Who do you think
are his parents?
Write the answers in
your book.
Who do you think
are her parents?
Write the answers in
your book.
Who do you think
are his parents?
Write the answers in
your book.
Who do you think
are his parents?
Write the answers in
your book.
Who do you think
are her parents?
Write the answers in
your book.
Who do you think
are her parents?
Write the answers in
your book.
What did we learn from this?
• Children inherit features from their parents
• If two parents have a certain characteristic then
their child may show it even more (e.g. Mr Small +
Little Miss Tiny = Mr Very Small!)
• Some things such as glasses, scars and muscles
we get from our environment, they are not
inherited.
Genetic information
• The instructions that make up a plant or
animal comes from their parents.
• ½ comes from the sperm and ½ from the
egg
• These instructions are found in the
nucleus of the cells.
• The instructions for each characteristic are
called GENES.
We saw that when Mr Small and Little Miss Tiny
produced a child it was even smaller.
What would happen if Mr Very Small had a child with
Little Miss Miniscule??
We look like our parents because we inherit
genes (DNA) from our parents.
We have an equal chance of inheriting
genes from our mother and our father. This
combination makes us unique.
The environment also effects our features
and leads to differences = variation
rolling
- Hair on
fingers
Even though we have many similar features we
are all genetically unique ( except identical twins)
TASK: Discuss with your partner and make
a list of genetic /environmental differences
or both?
Normal hair
colour
Eye colour
Weight
Good at maths
Foot size
Height
Hand size
Skin colour
Ability to sing
Nose shape
Mouth shape
Tongue rolling
Cut on hand
Missing tooth
Blood type
Personality
Freckles
Language you talk
Your name
Your sex
Ability to draw
Length of hair
Colour of birds
feathers
Inherited diseases
Can you think of anymore?
Human
Karyotype
23 pairs of
chromosome
s
Each
parent
has two sets of genes …
3.2a
Making
a baby
1.Genes influence our appearance by controlling
what our cells make and how they behave
2.All your cells have got the same genes and
they are in the nucleus.
3.Genes control every characteristic we have
... but each set of genes is split into 23 groups.
3.2a
Making
a baby
Toss a coin
to see
which group
of genes your baby
inherits from each parent.
heads = dark set,
tails = light set
Pink= Heads
Red= tails
X
X
Dark Blue=
heads
Light Blue= tails
X
Y
Eg. For gene group 1
From mum = coin toss was tails so inherited light pink
set
From dad = coin toss was heads so inherited dark blue
From
setmum
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
From Dad
We can make larger animals and crops that
produce more fruit.
This is called selective breeding.
Large fruited Dad
Large fruited Mum
Very large fruited child!
Lets see what you’ve learned:
Farmer Hemming wants to breed cows that are
large and meaty so that he can sell them for
more.
1. What advice would you give him in order to
produce larger cows?
2. He can’t seem to breed cows with nose rings!
Why not?
3. How many chromosomes are in your cells?