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What to Study Unit 2 Cell containing only one chromosome from each homologous pair. Haploid A cell containing a complete set of homologous chromosomes pairs. Diploid A type of reproduction that combines genetic material from two different cells to produce offspring. Sexual reproduction Put these in order of what happens first. Sex cells Meiosis Fertilization Zygotes Meiosis Sex cells Fertlization Zygotes A process of cell division that produces egg & sperm cells (sex cells). meiosis Non-living things Abiotic Diploid cell formed by the fusion of one egg and one sperm cell; develops into a new organism. zygote A organism with a nucleus. Can be single celled or multicelled. Eukaryote Why is Meiosis Important? It is important because it produces egg & sperm cells (sex cells) which are haploids. Since it makes haploid cells each new generation starts off with the same number of chromosomes as the parent. A type of reproduction that ONLY requires one parent. Asexual reproduction 1 2 What is what? 1 Anther 2 Ovary 1 1 2 Where is the pollen made? Anther Each form of a alleles gene with different information (the “choices”) DNA What is the genetic material for all living things? Where is pollen produced. anther What comes first the fruit or the flower. flower A living thing without a nucleus Also called bacteria Prokaryote Asexual reproduction in bacteria Fission In plants, what turns into the fruit? ovary Genetic variation is an advantage for which type of reproduction? Sexual dominant A genetic factor that blocks another genetic factor. Alleles that are homozygous the same. For example: AA or aa The observable phenotype trait, your appearance. For example: blue or brown eyes. A genetic factor that is hidden and blocked by another factor. recessive Alleles that are heterozygous different. For example: Aa Not needing asexual waste time and energy to find a mate is an advantage which type of reproduction The passing of traits from parent to offspring heredity The combination of specific alleles that make up an organism is that organism’s genotype What determines gender in humans Male Female Male XY Female XX Note: There will be Punnett square questions on the test.