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Transcript
Inheritance Types of Inheritance • Dominant-recessive – What we have been doing – One allele is dominant, one is recessive • If dominant is present, it is expressed Types of Inheritance • Intermediate/Incomplete – Neither allele is dominant – Heterozygotes have a phenotype that is intermediate to the homozygotes • Black Chicken crossed with a White Chicken – Results in black, white and blue chickens Types of Inheritance • Multiple Alleles – Many alleles for one trait • Blood Type • Codominance – Heterozygote expresses both traits Types of Inheritance • Polygenic Inheritance – Two or more genes affect a single trait • Height, skin color Only type of inheritance affects the trait? Environment • Influences certain traits – – – – Height – nutrition Build – exercise Sunlight – skin shade What others can you think of? Tie It Together! Everything is tied together… Meiosis and Mendel • Chromosome Theory of Inheritance – Genes are located on chromosomes • What do chromosomes do during Meiosis? • How would this affect Mendel’s ideas? Sex-linked Traits Sex-linked Traits • Sex-linked Gene – Located on a sex chromosome • For us, most are found on the “X” – Studied fruit flies • Red eyes are common, white eyes are rare • Discovered red eyes are dominant • Flies with white eyes in experiment were male Sex-linked Traits • If linked to X – – Females must have two white-eye alleles, one on each X, to express the trait • XrXr – Males only need one copy to express it • XrY Sex-linked Traits • In Humans – Color-blindness – Hemophilia – Male pattern baldness