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GENETICS! pp 492-495 (great resource)
Genetics: A field of biology devoted to the
understanding of how traits are inherited.
Heredity: Transmission of characteristics
from parents to offspring.
Traits: The characteristics a person has.
Example:
Phenotype: PHYSICAL looks, or traits that
we can see a person has.
Example:
Genotype: GENETIC makeup, the traits a
persons DNA says they will have
Example:
Allele: represented by a letter- one for each parent
Homozygous: Both alleles (1 letter in a pair) of a pair
are the SAME!
Example:
Heterozygous: Both alleles of a pair are
DIFFERENT
Example:
Dominance: An allele that masks the other allele
example:
Recessive: An allele that is masked
example:
MONOhybrid Crosses! (mono is latin for...)
Homozygous Dominant: alleles the same
*Has the ability to mask the other traits
Homozygous recessive: alleles the same
*Does NOT have the ability to mask the other traits
Heterozygous (also called hybrid): Different alleles
*Dominant trait masks recessive
EXAMPLE TIME!
Long tail (D) is dominant to short tail (d).
1) What are the possible genotypes of a long tailed animal?
2) What is the phenotype of animal that is short tailed?
3) What is the phenotype of an animal that is heterozygous?
4) What is the genotype of an animal that is short tailed?