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Vocabulary-Concept Review
Biochemistry
Chapter 6
Two units of sugar.
Disaccharide
Macromolecule that
serves as quick
energy and is made
of simple sugars.
Carbohydrate
Used to test for the
presence of Protein.
Biuret Soluton
One unit of sugar
Monosaccharide
Inorganic molecules
come from Living or
Nonliving things?
Nonliving
Macromolecule made
of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen and
sometimes sulfur.
Protein
Organic molecules
come from Living or
Nonliving things?
Living
Indicator solution that
is used to test for
presence of starch.
Iodine
Made of carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen in
a 1:2:1 ratio
Carbohydrate
Characterized as having
long hydrocarbon
chains.
Lipid
“ose” at the end of a
word denotes a what?
Sugar
“ase” at the end of a
word denotes a what?
Enzyme
Animals store
carbohydrates as what?
Glycogen
The exoskeleton of
insects is made of a
carbohydrate called
what?
Chitin
Plants store
carbohydrates as what?
Starch
What is C6H12O6 ?
Glucose or
Fructose
When glucose and fructose
which are monosaccharides
are added together, they
make a disaccharide called
what?
Sucrose
Another name for table
sugar is?
Sucrose
This macromolecule is
hydrophobic (water
insoluble) in water.
Lipid
One monomer of
protein.
Amino Acids
The building blocks to a
lipid.
Three Fatty Acids
and One Glycerol
The building blocks to
a nucleic acid.
nucleotide
Three things that
make up a nucleotide.
A Phosphate Group, A
Nitrogenous Base and a
Simple Sugar
Nucleic acid responsible
for the synthesis of
protein.
RNA
Fats, oils and waxes are
classified as this
macromolecule.
Lipid
Carbohydrate found
in plant cell walls
that provide support.
Cellulose
Carbohydrate that if
eaten by animals
cannot be digested.
Cellulose
Many units of sugar
added together.
Polysaccharide
Proteins that act as
catalysts that speed up
chemical reactions.
Enzymes
Proteins secreted by the
endocrine system that help
maintain homeostasis in
the body?
Hormones
0 – 6.99 on the pH
scale.
Acid
7.1 – 14 on the pH
scale.
Base
2.0 on the pH scale is a
strong what?
Acid
All atoms have these
three things in
common.
Protons, Electrons,
and Neutrons
Two or more monomers
together make what?
Polymer
Solution used to test
for the presence of
sugar.
Benedict Solution
Glucose and fructose are
considered what because they
have the same chemical
formula but different
structures.
Isomers
Amino acids are held
together by what
type bonds in
proteins.
Peptide Bond
Acids release what in
water?
Hydrogen Ions
Bases release what in
water?
Hyrdoxide Ions
Large organic
molecules.
Macromolecule
All organic molecules
possess what?
Carbon in a covalent bond
with hydrogen
Hydrochloric Acid
(HCl): Organic or
Inorganic?
Inorganic
The brown paper bag test
for the presence of what
macromolecule?
Lipid
Sudan III and Sudan IV
test for the presence of
what macromolecule?
Lipid
One amino acid is called
what?
Peptide
Two amino acids are
called what?
Dipeptide
Three or more amino
acids are called what?
Polypeptide
Sugar found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
Macromolecule that function as
long term energy storage and
insulation?
Lipid
Sugar in RNA?
Ribose
Table Salt (NaCl):
Organic or Inorganic?
Inorganic
Nucleic Acid that store genetic
information and house the code
to make all protein.
DNA
Water (H2O):
Organic or Inorganic?
Inorganic
Macromolecule that
accounts for 50% of the
dry weight of cells
Protein
There are how many
commonly known amino
acids?
20
Six elements needed in
large quantity for living
things?
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen,
oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur
The smallest unit of a
substance.
Monomer