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ETHICS
etymology
: Gk word
ethicos, or that
pertains to ethos the
English translation of
which is “custom” or
“character”.
VARIOUS DEFINITIONS
Ethics is the practical science of the
morality of human conduct.
 Ethics is the philosophical science
dealing with the morality of the human
acts.
 Ethics is the systematic study of
human actions from the point of view
of their rightness or wrongness as
means for the achievement of ultimate
happiness.

VARIOUS DEFINITIONS
Ethics is the normative science of the
conduct of human beings living in
societies – science which judges this
conduct to be right or wrong, to be
good or bad…
 Ethics means a philosophical study of
morality, of the foundation on which
morality is based, and of the practical
implications of a systematic moral
outlook.

VARIOUS DEFINITIONS

Ethics is the normative science based
on reason, which interprets specific
and paramount facts, the elements of
which are conduct and oughtness.
ETHICS AS A PHILOSOPHICAL SCIENCE
it
means that ethics
is one of the
disciplines in
philosophy (critical
study of fundamental
beliefs)
DISCIPLINES OF PHILOSOPHY

Descriptive or
Speculative Philosophy
- What is the nature
(essence or substance)
of reality? (metaphysics)

Normative Philosophy
- What is good and what
is bad or what is right
action or wrong action?

Practical Philosophy
- reflects upon truth in
relation to action (logic)

Critical Philosophy
- What is truth?
(epistemology)
ETHICS AS A NORMATIVE PHILOSOPHY

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
it systematically establishes standards or
norms of human conduct
qualifies human conduct as to whether it
is good or bad and right or wrong
requires definitive human conduct –
requires man to act appropriately as man
ethics idealistically requires man to do
what is good and what is right
MORALITY OF HUMAN ACT
 refers
to the goodness or the
badness, the rightness or the
wrongness of human acts.
 Ethics
is
a
normative
philosophical science that deals
with the goodness or badness,
the rightness or the wrongness of
human acts.
HUMAN ACTS (MONTEMAYOR)





Free voluntary acts of man
Acts done with knowledge and consent
Acts which are proper to man as man
Acts which we are conscious, are under
our control which we are responsible
Are those of which man is master
ELEMENTS OF HUMAN ACTS (BABOR)



Knowledge – the agent has the
intellectual knowledge; agent has
awareness of the means to employ in
performing an act.
Freedom – agent does an act under the
control of his will
Voluntariness – requires the presence of
knowledge and freedom; willful act
What is the
difference
between morality
and ethics?
ETHICS






Etymology : Greek word ethos
meaning customs
theoretical science of good and
bad or right and wrong actions
provides principles on the morality
of human acts
equips man with a theoretical
knowledge of the morality of
human acts
ethics does not actually guarantee
that man will be moral
One can only be moral when one
applies ethics.
MORALITY

Latin word mos or moris also
means custom
ETHICS


provides principles or bases
of right or wrong and good or
bad actions
outlines theories of right or
wrong and good or bad
actions
MORALITY

actualizes the theory

translates these theories into
real actions
MORALITY IS NOTHING ELSE BUT A DOING
OF ETHICS.
RELATION OF ETHICS WITH OTHER SCIENCES

Ethics and Logic
Logic is the science of right
thinking
Ethics is the science of right
living
 Both aim at rectitude: logic – right
thinking; ethics right doing
RELATION OF ETHICS WITH OTHER SCIENCES

Ethics and Psychology
Psychology is not interested in
the morality of human behavior;
studies how man behaves.
Ethics studies how man ought to
behave; concerned with moral
obligation
RELATION OF ETHICS WITH OTHER SCIENCES

Ethics and Sociology
Sociology deals with human
relations in a society
Ethics deals with moral order –
social order; focus on the proper
observance of moral laws and
principles
RELATION OF ETHICS WITH OTHER SCIENCES

Ethics and Economics
Economics deals with topics as
wages, labor, production and
distribution of wealth
Ethics deals with moral relations
in business based on justice and
charity.
THANK YOU! 