Download Essential Question - Northwest ISD Moodle

Topic: Ecology
Learning Goal: I can describe
relationships (producer/consumer,
predator/prey, and parasite/host) as
they occur in food webs.
Essential Question: How do organisms
interact in an ecosystem?
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
What is
ecology?
Ecology
The study of the interactions that take
place among organisms and their
environment
Types of habitats
Marine- oceans (salt water)
Freshwater- lakes, rivers and ponds
Terrestrial- Land: deserts, jungles, forests
etc.
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
How is the
environment
organized?
Environment Organization
• INDIVIDUAL – One organism of a
species.
• POPULATION- All of the organisms
of the same species that live in the
same area.
• COMMUNITY- All of the living
organisms that live in the same area.
• ECOSYSTEM- All of the living
organisms and nonliving factors in
the same area.
• BIOSPHERE- Anywhere life is found
on the planet.
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
What is a
producer?
Types of organisms
Producers- organisms that produce
their own food (plants)
Photosynthesis- Chemical process
where plants use sunlight to make
glucose (sugar)
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
What is
photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis- Chemical process
where plants use sunlight to make
glucose (sugar)
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
Photosynthesis- Chemical process
where plants use sunlight to make
glucose (sugar)
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
Compare
and
contrast
the
chemical
equations
for plants
and
animals?
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
How do
consumers
obtain
energy?
How do
herbivores
obtain
energy?
Consumers: organisms that obtain energy
by eating other organisms
Herbivores:
Obtain energy by eating just plants
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
How do
carnivores
obtain
energy?
Carnivores
Obtain energy by eating just meat (other
animals)
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
How do
omnivores
obtain
energy?
Omnivores
Obtain energy by eating plants and
animals
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
Decomposers
How do
decomposers Obtain energy by consuming waste and
dead
organisms
obtain
energy?
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
How does a
food chain
illustrate
energy flow
in an
ecosystem?
Food chain
illustrates how consumers obtain energy
from other organisms in an ecosystem
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
How does a
food web
illustrate
energy flow in
an
ecosystem?
• Food web- a few food chains connected
together
• The arrow points to what animal is
receiving the energy.
For example, the
fox receives its
energy from
rabbits, squirrels
and mice.
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
• Symbiosis: any close relationship
between species.
What is
symbiosis?
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
What is
mutualism?
Mutualism: a
symbiotic
relationship in
which both species
benefit.
Examples:
 lichens (made up of
algae and fungus):
algae supplies energy to
both organisms, fungus
provides a protected
space for algae to live
+/+
/
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
What is
commensalism?
+/0
/
Commensalism: a symbiotic relationship
in which one organism benefits and the
other organism is not affected
Examples:
 Clown fish (Nemo) and anemone: tentacles do
not sting clown fish, fish is protected from
predators. Anemone is not affected.
Topic: Ecology
Essential Question: How do organisms interact in an
ecosystem?
What is the
relationship
between a
parasite and a
host?
Parasitism
a symbiotic relationship in which one
organism benefits but the other organism
is harmed.
+//
Examples: Fleas, leaches,
mosquitoes, ticks, bacteria,
tapeworm, hookworms
Roundworms and dogs/cats:
worm attaches to intestine
and feeds on nutrients, animal
can have pain, bloating
diarrhea and possible death.
Topic: Limiting Factors
Essential Question: What do organisms depend on and
compete for in an ecosystem?
What is an
ecosystem?
Ecosystem
a system involving the interactions
between a community of living
organisms in a particular area and its
nonliving environment
Topic: Limiting Factors
Essential Question: What do organisms depend on and
compete for in an ecosystem?
What are
limiting
factors?
Limiting Factors
anything that restricts the
number of individuals in a
population. They are biotic and
abiotic factors
Topic: Limiting Factors
Essential Question: What do organisms depend on and
compete for in an ecosystem?
What is a
biotic factor?
Biotic Factors
Living parts of the environment
Examples:
-animals
-plants
-bacteria
Topic: Limiting Factors
Essential Question: What do organisms depend on and
compete for in an ecosystem?
What is an
abiotic
factor?
Abiotic Factors
Non-living parts of the environment
Examples:
- sunlight
- air
-water
-temperature
- space
Topic: Limiting Factors
Essential Question: What do organisms depend on and
compete for in an ecosystem?
What is
competition?
Competition
When more than one individual or
population tries to make use of the same
resource
Topic: Limiting Factors
Essential Question: What do organisms depend on and
compete for in an ecosystem?
What is
intraspecific
competition?
Intraspecific competition
members of the same species compete
for the same resources
Topic: Limiting Factors
Essential Question: What do organisms depend on and
compete for in an ecosystem?
What is
interspecific
competition?
Interspecific competition
When different species compete for
resources
Who is the predator? prey?
Food Web
Which ecosystem are you most
likely to find this food web?
Is the snapper a consumer or
producer?
What would happen if all the
algae in the ocean died?
Remember from 7th Grade: Energy Pyramid
Each level’s energy decreases by about 10% each time because energy is used
for the organisms life functions.