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Transcript
Škola:
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Gymnázium, Brno, Slovanské náměstí 7
III/2 – Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky prostřednictvím ICT
Inovace výuky na GSN prostřednictvím ICT
CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0940
RNDr. Bc. Miroslav Hruška
Dynamics of particles (dynamika hmotných bodů)
Linear momentum
VY_32_INOVACE_FY.3.04
27. 9. 2013
Žáci středních škol s CLIL výukou fyziky v angličtině
Linear momentum, change in linear momentum
Prezentace slouží k zavedení fyzikální veličiny hybnost. Na
začátku prezentace se opakují první dva Newtonovy zákony.
1
Dynamics of particles
4. Linear momentum
Find words






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rita neli (adjective)
a blance
fotr nici
fotr nece
a sestre nic
saturn let
via tygr
Zdroj: archiv autora
3
Complete sentences



A body is at …… or in uniform ……. ……
unless made to …… its …… by …… forces
The …… of a body is directly …… to
the net force acting on the body, and
inversely …… to its mass
If there are more …… acting on an
object, and they are ……, i.e. their ……
is a zero vector, then it is the same ……
as if …… are no forces at all
4
Exercise I

A car of a mass 1000 kg speeds up with
an acceleration of 5 m/s2. A force of
resistance of a magnitude 1000 N acts
against the motion. Calculate the
magnitude of the pull of the engine.
F  Fp  Fr
Fr  F  Fp

F  ma
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AFnoBrhOR4U 2:42
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Linear momentum I



For a body (a particle) we define linear
momentum (hybnost) as the product of


its mass and its velocity: p  mv
Linear momentum is a vector quantity.
Its direction is equal to the direction of
velocity
SI unit of momentum, kg.m/s (kilogram
metre per second), is a derived unit
6
Exercise II

A car of a mass 1000 kg speeds up
from rest with an acceleration of
3 m/s2. Calculate the magnitude of
the linear momentum after ten
seconds of the motion.

p  p  mv
v  at
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Linear momentum II
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

If body’s velocity changes from v1 to v 2
during a time interval, then linear
momentum changes from p1  mv1


to p2  mv2
Change in the linear momentum is
  
 

p  p2  p1  m(v2  v1 )  mv

If p1 = p2, does it mean p  0 ?
8
Law of acceleration
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If we use the change in the linear
momentum, Newton’s second law of
motion can be presented this way:




 p

v p
F  ma  m

F
t t
t

There is no acceleration in the formula
now… :-)
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Revision
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How do we define linear momentum?
What do you know about the direction
of the linear momentum?
What is the unit of linear momentum?
Is it a base or derived unit?
Write down the formula of the law of
acceleration with use of the change in
the linear momentum. Read it
10
Find pairs with similar meanings
assume, turn, catch up, lift,
resultant, take effect, deal with,
speed up, dependence, aiming,
act on, travel, accelerate, study,
overtake, function, suppose,
cover, net force, revolution,
heading, elevator, grow, increase
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That is all for now
Thank you for your attention

Materiál je určen pro bezplatné používání pro potřeby výuky
a vzdělávání na všech typech škol a školských zařízeních.
Jakékoliv další využití podléhá autorskému zákonu.
Zdroje:
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
Bednařík, M., Široká, M. Fyzika pro gymnázia, Mechanika.
Dotisk 3. vyd. Praha: Prometheus, 2004. 288 s. ISBN 807196-176-0
Hornby, A. S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of
Current English. 5. vyd. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
1995. 1428 s. ISBN 0-19-431423-5
Autor nezaručuje funkčnost webových odkazů!
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