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Third Crusade
1). What were the causes of the 3rd
Crusade?
 2). Who was involved on both sides?
 3). Outcome?
 Question: What were the causes for the
failure of the 3rd Crusade for the
Christians, and the ultimate outcome?

Saladin Tithe
Saladin recaptures
Jerusalem and Acre
1187.
 Extra 10% tax on the
people of Western
Europe for the
Crusade. Why?

Who?
Who was involved?
-Richard I of England
-Phillip II Augustus
of France
 Frederick I
(Barbarossa) the
Holy Roman Emperor
all finally leave by 1189
 Saladin


The Crusade
Barbarossa’s army is huge
(can’t sail, has to walk)
 Ends up drowning
crossing a river on
horseback. German army
disperses despite Leopold
 Richard, Phillip and the
rest of the German army
defeat Saladin at the
Battle of Acre.
 Phillip and Leopold leave
b/c Richard is being
difficult  slaughters
3,000 Muslims when
Saladin is slow to pay.

Richard’s Fight
Richard wins battles but
can’t keep momentum.
Has to leave for home.
Why?
 Neither side can win
decisive battle. Finally
agrees to treaty
 1192 Jerusalem stays in
Muslim control but
Christian pilgrims may
visit unarmed and
untouched. Legacy?
The Fourth Crusade
1198
Pope Innocent III calls for crusade, but
not much interest. Why?
Crusaders become entangled in Venetian politics
and are excommunicated.
Sack Constantinople in 1204
Drives two sects further apart and is the last
nail for Byzantines.
EXEMPLIFIES ALL OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE
CRUSADES FOR THE EUROPEANS WHY?
Children’s Crusade
Impacted by earlier losses/embarrassment
 1212 Boys led by Stephen Cloyes from
France started walking to Jerusalem
(possibly sold as slaves).

Outcome
Overall there
were nearly 12
Crusades, with
none successful
 Emphasis shifts
to money, and
Jews at home.
 Also, the
breakdown of
feudalism
hastened by
powerful kings.

Impact
Reconquista





The “Reconquest” of Spain
-from which group?
1140-Established Portugal
1300 – Control peninsula except
for Grenada
Ferdinand and Isabella complete
conquering of Spain by 1492.
Begin expelling Non-Christians
The Inquisition



Spanish court to find heretics
By 1252 torture is used by
the Church for gaining
admission of sin.
By 1500’s Jews and Moors
were expelled from Spain.