Download The Crusades.

The Crusades
Long Term Causes
• Growth of Italian Trade
• Advance the Church by providing a
common enemy.
• Need to provide and adventure or cause
for fighting nobles.
• This was the big adventure of the early
middle ages.
Short term causes.
• Constantinople
threatened.
• Sermon and letter
from Pope Urban
saying “Your sins will
be forgiven if you join
up.”
Pope Urban toured France and
Europe to gain support.
He told the people to stop fighting
amongst themselves, and instead go
take Jerusalem back from the Infidels.
For those of you lost in a new-age,
Tolkein, Goth, Druid, Freshman dream
world, you can still buy Crusader gear
on line.
Pope Urban made promises.
• Sins forgiven
• Heavenly Paradise
The more aristocratic crusaders
wore crosses….
There were two main groups:
• Nobles and princes, and sons who would
not inherit land.
• Young men looking for adventure
• Other groups included children, hangers
on, prostitutes, and anyone else looking
for adventure. This group was hard to
“control” and often didn’t make it even to
the Middle East.
I’m going off
to the
Crusades, fair
wife.
I won’t
have to
cook.
First Crusade—on the way, Jews were
massacred—a trial run for killing the
Muslims.
Children’s Crusade.
Famous Crusader Cities: Antioch
Acre
Tripoli
In 1098, the
crusaders
conquered
Jerusalem and took
it back from the
Seljuk Turks.
The Muslims, who
were the infidels
were slaughtered.
Women and
children were
bayoneted and
burned.
Wow, aren’t we
Christians
civilized?
The third Crusade is famous—Richard the
Lionhearted and Frederick Barbarossa vs.
Salidin. It resulted in a peace treaty for
pilgrims (lasted about 10 years).
Muslims became
more hostile to
Christian West
because of the
attacks. Five
hundred years
later, Vienna was
besieged by the
Turks in 1683! This
was the last major
Islamic incursion
into Europe.
After the pillage of Constantinople,
a Christian city, by Christian troops,
the role of the Church diminished.
The “church” empires in the East
and West were weakened by their
crusades in the Holy Land.
There was improved technology in
the fields of Mathematics,
medicine, and architecture.
The stunning discovery, that members
of another faith (the Muslims) could be
fair and humane.
Military strength was increased in
Medieval Europe.
New products from the Crusades:
•
•
•
•
•
Silks
Apricots
Spices
Perfumes
Glass making
techniques
• Primitive gunpowder.
This helped the Commercial
Revolution that began the
Renaissance.