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Early Classical Greece From Colonization to the Persian Wars 800-550 BCE Early Classical Greece From Colonization to the Persian Wars 800-550 BCE • • • • • Government in Ancient Greece Draco Solon The Persian Threat Background of the Persian War Government in Ancient Greece • City-States emerged, ruled by kings (inherited or elected) • Kings not seen as gods but rather as part of the people • Over time Athens and other city states moved towards an early form of democracy Draco • Athenian lawgiver • Wrote down a harsh written law code in 621 BCE, most crimes punishable by death • Laws applied to all citizens • Laws still favoured middle and upper class but protected lower classes Solon • 594 BCE – 559 BCE • Ruled Athens: freed many farmers forced into slavery • Reformed the harsh laws of Draco • Allowed any wealthy male to hold office (not just aristocrats) • Enlarged council so more citizens made laws The Persian Threat • Greatest empire the world had seen to that point (10 million) • At peak under Darius I in 522 BCE • Stretched from modern day India to the Mediterranean • Viewed Greek city stated as barbarians Background of the Persian War • Persian Empire desired more naval bases and trade • Revenge desired by Persians against Greeks: Ionian states ,with the help of Greece, had revolted and won against Persia • Greek city states an easy target, lacked unity Persian War Camel of King’s Ceremonial Bodyguard