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Download Music Theory in a Minute BILL CARLSON MUSIC INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING DR. CHUAN
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Transcript
Music Theory in a Minute BILL CARLSON MUSIC INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING DR. CHUAN U.N.F. SPRING 2011 Musical ABCs Notes are named after the first seven letters of the alphabet. A,B,C,D,E,F,G,A,B,C,etc.. Each note is referred to as a Pitch. Going from one C through all of the notes to the next C is an Octave. (i.e. C,D,E,F,G,A,B,C) All the notes contained between are in the same register. All musical instruments can produce pitches The Piano Keyboard The Guitar Neck Notes are separated by Whole Steps and Half Steps All natural notes are a Whole Step apart except E-F and B-C White keys are Natural Notes, not sharp or flat. (i.e. C,D,E,F,G,A,B,C) Black keys are Accidental Notes (sharp/flat) Each fret of the guitar is a Half Step Enharmonic Notes share the same position (i.e. A#/Bb) The Grand Staff The Grand Staff contains two clefs: Bass Clef and Treble Clef Each Ledger Line represents a Pitch. Ledger Lines can be added above or below either staff to continue the notes The Major Scale The Major Scale is the foundation of Western Music The Major Scale Step Pattern is (W,W,H,W,W,W,H) Each Pitch can be made into a Major Scale Each note must be represented in the scale There can not be doubles (i.e. A, A#) Major Scales are organized into Circles of 4ths and 5ths Intervals Each pitch in the Major Scale has a name An Interval is Perfect if the Root Note and the Interval are both in the scale of each note C-F is a Perfect 4th in the C Scale, F-C is a Perfect 5th in the F Scale C-G is a Perfect 5th in the C Scale, G-C is a Perfect 4th in the G Scale Circle of 4ths and 5ths Circle of 5ths deals with Sharps Start on C and move to G the 5th Fat,Cats,Go,Down,And, Eat,Birds Circle of 4ths deals with Flats Start on C and move to F the 4th BEAD Goats Can Fly Note Values Counting Notes Counting and Time Signatures A Time Signature is placed at the beginning of every musical piece The Top Value tells how many beats per measure The Bottom Value what type of note recieves one beat 4/4 Traditional Straight Beat 3/4 Ballad 6/8 Waltz Triads/Basic Chords Consist of a Root Note and two Intervals, each a 3rd apart Major: Root, Maj 3rd, Min 3rd (Major 3rd is 2 steps, Minor 3rd is 1.5 steps) Minor: Root, Min 3rd, Maj 3rd Diminished: Root, Min 3rd, Min 3rd Augmented: Root, Maj 3r, Maj 3rd Relative Minor Scale Every Major Scale has a Relative Minor Scale It is the based on the Major 6th The Relative Minor will have the exact same notes/key as the Major Scale The Major Scale can be turned into the Parallel Minor flatting the 3rd, 6th & 7th pitches The Major and Relative Minor Scales are interchangeable but the Major and Parallel ARE NOT!! Diatonic Triads Every tone in the Major Scale makes a Triad or Chord I, IV, V are always MAJOR ii, iii, vi are always MINOR vii is half-diminished The chords are the same in the relative minor as the major, the order is changed 7th Chords 7th Chords are extensions of Triads The 7th pitch from the Root is added to the triad The 7th is in the same scale as the I chord
