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Music Definitions * Music is part of this world of sound, an art based on the organization of sounds in time. 4 Main Properties of Musical Sounds 1) pitch 2) dynamics 3) tone color 4) duration * We need sounds to communicate, but silence (an absent of sound) also communicates Sound – Begins with the vibration of an object Pitch – the relative highness or lowness that we hear in a sound It is decided by the frequency of its vibrations Measured in cycles per second Pitch Range – the distance between the lowest and highest tones Dynamics – Loudness or softness in music Accent – emphasis of a tone by a performer Decrescendo – Gradually softer Crescendo – Gradually louder Tone Color (timbre) – quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another Melody – a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole Climax (an emotional focal point) - the highest tone of a melody Phrases – shorter parts of melodies Theme – a starting point for a more extended piece of music Harmony – the way chords are constructed and how they follow each chord Progression – specific series of chords Form – the organization of musical elements in time Repetition – creates a sense of unity Contrast – provides variety Variation – provides both unity and variety Tone – A sound that has a definite pitch The smaller the vibrating element, the higher its pitch The longer the vibrating element, the lower its pitch ACROSS DOWN