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VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP, part one http://www.uccs.edu/~tchriste/courses/PES1 05/105lectures/figures/SunEarthMoon.gif by M.T Davis MENU SUN SOL SOLAR systEM Moon LUNA EARTH TERRA Microsoft clip art DIAGRAM OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM Without planet names QUIZ yourself! LINKS TO EXPLORE THE SOLAR SYSTEM With planet names and links CLICK below to watch a video about our solar system Where in the universe is our solar system? SOLAR SYSTEM SIMULATOR from NASA:http://space.jpl. nasa.gov/ Video credit: http://port.inst.cl.uh.edu/portfolio/CrawfordG7517/Po rtfolio/Audio_Visual/Solar_System Click below, resize screen, and push start, for animation about the origin our solar system: solarsystemform.mov, http://www.iuwe.net/elearn/b02/32.htm MENU Solar System Interesting facts about the SUN Video list BASIC INFO Eclipses: VIDEOS information, activities 1 2 SUN NEWS AND IMAGES How eclipses work Moon blocking the sun Video credits: http://www.space.com/science/astronomy/e clipse.html MENU A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth so that the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth. The photo inset shows what the eclipse looks like from Earth. Photo courtesy of Dennis diCicco.), Chapter 1 ,Figure 1.14 ; Thomas T. Arny, Explorations: an Introduction to Astronomy , McGraw-Hill DIAGRAM TO READ AND COLOR Answers More on Solar Eclipses EnchantedLearning.com Label the Solar Eclipse More Astronomy Activities Earth - the planet on which we live. Moon - the natural satellite of the Earth. Penumbra means”almost shade,” - the area in which the shadow of an object (the moon on the Earth) is partial, and the area in which a partial solar eclipse is experienced. Sun - the star in our Solar System. Umbra –means “shade,” the area in which the shadow of an object (the moon on the Earth) is total, and the area in which a total solar eclipse is experienced. MENU SITES TO EXPLORE ! Zoom Astronomy http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/ Windows to the Universe http://www.windows.ucar.edu/ NASA Kids’ pages http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/kids/nasakids.cfm StarChild: The Solar System: info, visuals, games, activities http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/solar_system_level1/solar_system.html Solar System Journey http://www.thegrid.org.uk/learning/science/madscientist/resources/space/solar_system/solar_journey Activities http://www.vendian.org/mncharity/dir3/solarsystem/ Great info and images www.space.com www.spaceweather.com MENU Why does Mercury revolve around the sun so fast? MENU SUN (sol) ANSWERS picture from Hint: EnchantedLearning.com ( Copyright ©2001) My Very Excellent Memory Just Showed Us Nine Planetss MENU MENU Click on any planet’s name for more information Animation, images, and wonderful facts at http://www.adlerplanetarium.org The Sun is a star at the center of our solar system. Our Sun is a medium-sized yellow star that is 93,026,700 miles (149,680,000 km) from Earth. Its diameter is 865,121 miles (1,391,980 km). At its core, nuclear reactions produce enormous amounts of energy, through the process of converting hydrogen atoms into helium atoms (nuclear fusion). The Sun's absolute magnitude is +4.83. The solar mass is 1.99 x 1030 kg. Source: http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/ astronomy/activities/coloring/Sun.shtml MENU INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE SUN •The SUN is about 109 times bigger than the Earth. • about 1,300,000 Earths could fit inside the Sun . •The Sun's mass is is about 333,000 times the mass of the Earth. •The Sun contains 99.8% of all of the mass of the SOLAR System. •the sun is like a fusion reactor. ITS core converts hydrogen into helium. This releases huge amounts of energy, which light and heat our planet. • The sun is about five billion years old and will live for about another five billion years. MORE “heart” “crown” Energy ransfers RADIATION Radiant energy travels in waves and is sometimes called electromagnetic energy. An example is visible light. “color” CONDUCTION Atoms pass energy from atom to atom. “light” HYDROGEN atoms fuse snd become HELIUM atoms and release A LOT of energy CONVECTION atoms move, carrying energy Adapted from MENU How the sun affects the earth It gives the earth energy: light and heat and sound and the whole electromagnetic spectrum. The light gives us plants, the producers in our food chain, and gives us vision and color. The heat gives us weather and climate zones and many different biomes. Go to the next screen to see all of the kinds of energy included in the electromagnetic spectrum MENU http://www.worldnet.net/home/tonya/astrel/7th science/electromag/spectrum .htm emspect.gif saturn.vcu.edu/~rgowdy/ astro/mod/010/f.html MENU EARTH Why are there different CLIMATES in different places on Earth? Click below. terra Earth’s motions and why they matter (1) Rotation (3) Tilt (2) Revolution added to REVOLUTION Credit:UN FAO Gives us day & night! Click here Gives US Gives us YEARS SEASONS Click here Click here MENU Rotation: The Latin word ROTA means “WHEEL.” ROTATE means to spin around your own center, like a WHEEL. Which of these are examples of rotation? Why? Which one is NOT ROTATION? Why? www.mcwdn.org/ MAPS&GLOBES/Re volution.GIF AXIS AXIS The EARTH rotates (counterclockwise ) around its own center or AXIS, once every 24 hours. ONE rotation =24 hours = ONE day The rotation of the EARTH causes NIGHT and DAY. As the EARTH rotates, half of it faces the light of the SUN (DAY TIME,) while the other half is in the dark, facing away from the sun (NIGHT TIME.) One entire rotation takes 24 hours. CLICK HERE for another EARTH VIEWER which lets you watch day and night move over the earth as it turns. TRY clicking ANIMATE at the bottom right, to see the cycle speed up revolution Revolution does not mean to spin around your own center. it means to go around something else (as in an orbit.) CLICK below to see animation of all of Earth REVOLVING around the SUN The planets REVOLVING around the SUN www.mcwdn.org/ MAPS&GLOBES/ Revolution.GIF POP QUIZ!!! WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXAMPLE OF ROTATIION and which of REVOLUTION ? WHY? 1. A spinning coin 1. rotation 2. Walking around your desk. 2. revolution 3. The motion of hands on a clock. 3. ANSWERS rotation 4. A merry-go-round 4. rotation 5. Running a lap around the field. 5. revolution Copernican1. mov :http://wps.pr enhall.com/e sm_chaisson _BG4/0%2C7 633%2C6954 70%2C00.html Earth ‘revolves’ around the sun once every 365 and ¼ days. ONE revolution = ONE year. Each year is 365 days long, with an extra day added every 4th year (leap year). One rotation = 24 hours = one day One revolution = 365.25 days = one year http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/classes/Geog3/a/lecture03_files/frame.html REVOLUTION does NOT cause SEASONS. The axis of the earth is NOT straight up and down, but TILTS 23.5 °. This is what causes the SEASONS. The average speed of Earth in its orbit is about 66,000 mph Motionsoftheearth.ppt, slide 4 CLICK on the movie on the next page for an explanation with pictures. CLICK ON THE PICTURE, then PRESS START arrow Earth’s TILT causes the SEASONS Look where the sun’s direct rays are concentrated in summer and winter JUNE DECEMBER SUMMER SOLSTICE: WHICH hemisphere gets MOST light ? WINTER SOLSTICE: WHICH Hemisphere gets LEAST light ? So, who has summer? So, who has winter? MENU Moon Lunar Phases info and video About the moon See the moon phase for any date and time ! MOON CALENDAR for ANY MONTH YOU CHOOSE MONTH means“one moon cycle”- one cycle takes about 29.5 days luna Play with and practice LUNAR PHASES: There are directions at bottom left Dyson’s animated moon map and activities MOON and TIDES Lunar maps and Latin place names MOON VIEWER LUNAR ECLIPSES MENU In 1647, a Polish astronomer, Johannes Hevelius, a Polish astronomer, published the first study of lunar topography in a book called Selenographia, “Description of the Moon.” It included many excellent lunar maps with Latin names given to the geographical features on the surface of the moon. Many of the names given by him to the lunar mountains, craters, and other features are still used. Click below for two different maps, one more like his and one interactive. MOON MAP with Latin names AWESOME Dyson’s ANIMATED MOON MAP ! WHAT the LATIN NAMES MEAN MORE GREAT MOON links ! MOON LINKS !! MENU LACUS= lake MARE = “sea” SINUS= gulf” OCEANUS=ocean WHAT the LATIN NAMES MEAN MENU TIDES are caused when the earth’s seas are pulled outward by the gravitational forces of the MOON and SUN. CLICK above for TIDE movie ! moon Info and diagrams about tides 1 2 TIDAL BULGES on earth MENU Lunar eclipse .............. moon enter's Earth's shadow http://www.uccs. edu/~tchriste/co urses/PES105/1 05lectures/105le cmotions.html A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth passes between the Sun and Moon, causing the Earth's shadow to fall on the Moon. Some sunlight leaks through the Earth's atmosphere casting a deep reddish light on the Moon. The photo inset shows what the eclipse looks like from Earth. Photo courtesy of Dennis diCicco.), Chapter 1, fig. 15 ; Thomas T. Arny, Explorations: an Introduction to Astronomy , McGraw-Hill MENU ONE ROTATION of the earth on it’s axis = ONE DAY ONE MOON CYCLE =about 29.5 DAYS, which should be ONE MONTH. 12 X 29.5 = 354 days, 11 days short of the real SOLAR CALENDAR, so Julius Caesar, with the help of Greek science, changed our months to 30 or 31 day months which no longer match the moon cycles. February was given only 28 days, or in leap years, 29. OUR YEAR is a SOLAR year. It takes the SUN 365.25 days to complete ONE REVOLUTION around the sun,. so each year = 365 days, with the additional time added up into ONE EXTRA day in February, every fourth year. Click to the right for A history of time measurement NIST Physics Laboratory Presentation : A Walk through TIME. The Evolution of Time Measurement through the ages MENU