Download Renaissance

Renaissance
Chapter 13
Renaissance
• Renaissance means – “Rebirth”
• It was a time of change in Politics, Social
Structure, Economics, and Culture.
• Changed from an agricultural society to an
Urban Society
• It was a study of Roman and Greek
cultures.
Renaissance Attitudes
• live life on earth fully
• develop individual talent
• public service and politics
Humanism
• an intellectual movement that studied
the ancient Greeks and Romans in an
effort to better understand their own times
• Spiritual  Secular
• Humanities- grammar, rhetoric, poetry, &
history
Reasons for Italian Renaissance
• Past greatness of Rome
• Money from trade and rising middle class
Major Cities
• Florence- richest Bankers and Merchants
• Patron- financial supporter
• (e.g. The Medici Family, Lorenzo in particular)
• Venice – Trade
• Milan – Textiles
Art
• Humanistic Reflection
– Combination of religious and secular
– Reflections of individualism and public service
•
•
•
•
Perspective – depth added to art
Use of shading
New oil paints
Study of human anatomy
Leonardo da Vinci
“Renaissance Man”
-Anatomy, Engineering, Painting, Scuplture,
Botany, Optics, Music
Works: Mona Lisa, The Last Supper
Michelangelo Buonarroti
• Most well-known, “the greatest”
• Sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, poet
• Works:
– David, Pieta, Sistine Chapel
Raphael
• Mastered the use of PERSPECTIVE!!!!
• Known Work: School of Athens
Donatello
• Known for his use of Balance and
Proportion
• Taught Michelangelo
Literature
• Honoring the history of Rome and Greece
• Criticizing the Middle ages and current
government
• Baldassare Castiglione
– The Book of the Courtier
• How a member of a court should live!
• Niccolo Machiavelli
– The Prince
• How one should gain and maintain power
Printing Revolution
• Printing Press: Gutenberg
– first Book?? printed with movable type
– prior: Handwritten books
advantages:
•
•
•
•
more books are published
higher supply of books leads to lower price
lower price allows more people to read
more communication of ideas results from more
reading
Art in N. Renaissance
• Flanders  France, Belgium, and
Netherlands
– Major area of Renaissance art
• Albrecht Drurer: studied in Italy
– German artist
– Applied ideas of art to engravings
• Engraving: etching
– Perfected by Drurer
Literature
• Vernacular: everyday language
• Desiderius Erasmus:
– The Praise of the Folly
– Greek Bible
• Sir Thomas More
– Utopia
• William Shakespeare
– Poet and playwright
– 37 plays still performed today