Download Chapter Sixteen - Tamara Chrystyna Reay

Chapter Sixteen
Italian Renaissance
Emergence of the Italian Renaissance
• Period of growth and discovery
– Commerce, wealth, knowledge, and art
• Rise of Italian cities
• Medici family
– Patrons of the fine arts
Influences
• Humanism: interest in the art
and literature of ancient Greece
and Rome
• Artists admired the lifelike
appearance of classical works
• Gutenberg printing press
• Mass production of books
Massaccio
• Florence: the artistic capital
of Italy
• Regarded as the first
important artist of the
Renaissance
The Holy Trinity
• Masaccio
• Church of Santa Maria
Novella
• Focused on depth and mass
– Solid figures
– Overlap
– Depth
Linear Perspective
• Filippo Brunelleschi
• Linear perspective: a graphic system
that showed
artists how to
create the illusion
of depth
Aerial Perspective
• Aerial perspective: the use of hue, value,
and intensity to show
distance
The Tribute Money
Fra Angelico
• Painter/ monk
• The Annunciation
– Religious story
more important
than creating a
realistic work
Lorenzo Ghiberti
• Combined elements of the Renaissance/
Gothic periods
• Sculptor
– Best known for works
of the Baptistry of the
Florence Cathedral
Gates of Paradise
• Scenes from the old testament
Acceptance
• Paolo Uccello (1397-1475)
• Concern for perspective
• The Battle of San Romano
• Foreshortening: drawings figures or
objects according to the
rules of perspective so
that they appear to recede
protrude
or
Acceptance of Renaissance Ideas
• Piero della Francesca (1420-1492)
– Baptism of Christ
• Serious, calm, and still
• Vertical emphasis
Innovations
• Donatello (1386-1466)
– Sculptor (helped
Ghiberti)
– Passion for realism and
perspective
Innovations
• Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)
– Adoration of the Magi
• Linear perspective
• Realistic
High Renaissance
• Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
– The Last Supper
• Experimental painting
• Linear perspective
• Christ at the center of the composition
– Mona Lisa
• Left unfinished due to death
High Renaissance
• Michelangelo (1475-1564)
– Pieta
• Sculpture: over life size
• Shows Mary mourning over the body of Christ
– Sistine Chapel
• Grand scale
• 40 feet wide x 133 feet long (rounded ceiling)
• 9 panels depicting the story of humanity
High Renaissance
• Raphael (1483-1520)
– The School of Athens
• Vatican palace
– The Alba Madonna
• Madonna, Christ child, and St. John the Baptist
• Balanced use of hue
Florence Cathedral
• Designed by Brunelleschi
– 8 Gothic ribs joined horizontally on the exterior
• Large opening
• Design later borrowed
by Michelangelo to
design the dome for
St. Peter’s in Rome