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UNIT ONE: THE RENASSIANCE
DEFINITIONS
Directions:
Using the glossary in the back of your book define the following
terms in one sentence or less.
Word
Renaissance
urban society
secular
mercenaries
dowry
humanism
vernacular
Definition
LOOKING BACK
Middle Ages- A period of time from 300-1500
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Ruled by Kings, Lords, and the Church
Very few were educated
Disease (Black Death) killed 1/3 of Europe
The poor (peasants and serfs) could not improve their life in any way!
But then…..
Renaissance- Rebirth or looking back to Roman and Greek ideas
and ways of life.
• It started in Italy
• An emphasis on learning and education!
WHY DID IT START IN ITALY?
•
No single ruler or king. The cities governed themselves and used mercenaries for
defense!
1. Milan
2. Venice
3. Florence
• Urban Society
• Secular
• Trade flourished in the cities.
INFLUENCIAL PEOPLE AND ITALIAN
WARS
• Lorenzo de’ Medici- Helped
Florence become a cultural center.
• Francesco Sforza- Created a
strong government in Milan.
Lorenzo de’ Medici was
very influential in
supporting the arts and
education during the
Renaissance.
• Italian Wars:
1. 1527
2. France invades Italy with
30,000 soldiers
3. The Italian cities ask Spain to
help them
4. The Italian cities never pay the
Spanish soldiers!!!!!
RESULT:
Spanish soldiers invade the cities and
Spain has a heavy influence in Italy.
RENAISSANCE SOCIETY
• Social Classes
1. Nobility
- Wealthy
- Govern
2. Clergy
3. Peasants and Townspeople
- 85-90% of the population
- Working Class
- Lived a difficult life
What did the Book of Courtier say
about nobles? Compare it to the
nobility of the Middle Ages. Was it
the same of different? Explain your
answer
• Family and Marriage
1. Family
- Father
Head of the house hold
Managed Finances
Told children when they were adults
- Mother
Supervise and take care of the home
2. Marriage
- Often arranged!!!!!
- Dowry
Why do you think marriages were
arranged?
• Fresco- A painting done on wet
plaster with water based paints
RENAISSANCE ART
Focused upon:
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Three- dimensional style
Perspective
Light
Movement
Human Anatomy (nudes)
An example of a fresco is the Sistine Chapel
Donatello’s David, is an example of the style Renaissance
sculptors sought to create.
Artist
Work
Leonardo da Vinci
The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci
Mona Lisa
Donatello
David in Florence
Brunelleschi
Cupola of the Florence
Cathedral
Raphael
The School of Athens
Michelangelo
David
Michelangelo
Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo
Madonna
Van Eyck
Giavanni Arnolfini & His
Bride
Style
RENAISSANCE
EDUCATION
Humanism- Study of the classics
The term classics refers to
which two civilizations?
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Petrarch- He was the leader of Humanism during
the Renaissance
Liberal Studies- Studying a variety subjects
What subjects were studied?
History
Moral Philosophy
Rhetoric
Letters
Poetry
Mathematics
Astronomy
Music
Physical Education
Petrarch
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Few women were formally educated
Christine de Pizan- Women should be and have the
ability to learn.
RENAISSANCE LITERATURE
Works were written in the
vernacular.
Authors and works
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The Prince, written by Machiavelli,
stated that evil acts were necessary to
do govern.
Machiavelli- The Prince
A book on how rulers should rule.
Cicero
Virgil- The Aneid
Dante- The Devine Comedy
Chaucer- The Canterbury Tales