Download The Last Supper

3.02a, 3.02b
The Renaissance
Contrast these two pictures
Contrasting Medieval Art and
Renaissance Art
• Usually religious
subjects
• Primitive use of
perspective
• Bright colors, less
contrast
• Religious, mythological,
and historical subjects
• Linear perspective
• Strong contrast
between light and dark
The Renaissance
• Major changes in
Europe caused the
medieval period to give
way to a new period.
• As trade with the East
increased, Europeans
rediscovered the
classical knowledge of
ancient Greece and
Rome.
• The knowledge led to a
period of creativity and
learning called the
Renaissance.
• A new focus on the
individual emergedcontributing to new
ideas.
Definition:
• In the early 1300s, a movement
began in Italy that would
become known as the
Renaissance, or "rebirth." The
Renaissance was characterized
by a renewed interest in ancient
Greece and Rome.
Causes:
• The Black Death had completely shaken European society
• Decrease in population allowed farmers to produce more
food than they needed.
• Food prices declined, people able to spend more money on
other things
• Growth of large, wealthy city-states
• Ruins of the Roman Empire still reminded Italians of Roman
glory
• The Crusades brought Europeans in contact with
Byzantium, whose scholars had preserved Greek and
Roman learning
• Increased trade with Asia and Africa brought Europeans in
contact with Arab and African achievements
Rise of City-States
• Wealthy merchants in
Italian cities such as
Florence, Milan, Naples,
Rome, and Venice
became patrons of the
arts. Examples include
Lorenzo de Medici and
Isabella d'Este.
The Italian Renaissance:
• The Italian Renaissance
began in the city-states
of Northern Italy
• It began in the 14th
century
Humanism
• Italian scholars turned to Classical Greek and
Roman literature to study grammar, history,
and poetry
• These studies are called humanities, and
people who specialized in them were called
humanists.
• Renaissance humanists searched out
manuscripts written in Greek and Latin.
• Focus on worldly rather than spiritual”secular”
The Northern Renaissance:
• The Northern
Renaissance describes
the Renaissance in
Northern Europe in the
15th and 16th century
• Trade, the movement of
artists and scholars, and
the development of
printing helped spread
Renaissance ideas
northward.
• Printing Press - Around 1450,
the German Johannes
Gutenberg created moveable
type - letters of the alphabet
on metal plates that could be
arranged on a wooden press.
Chinese and Koreans used a
similar process using wooden
blocks centuries earlier, but
Gutenberg's invention seems
to have been independent of
the Chinese process.
• The printing press was
significant because books
could now be made quickly
and inexpensively.
Compare/Contrast
• What are characteristics
of the Italian
Renaissance?
• What are characteristics
of the Northern
Renaissance?
Pieta, by Michelangelo
The Last Supper, Da Vinci
The Last Supper, Da Vinci
Mona Lisa by Da Vinci
David by Michelangelo
Sistine Chapel ceiling,
Michelangelo
School of Athens by Raphael
Self Portrait, Albrecht Dürer
The Arnolfini Wedding, Jan Van
Eyck
The Birth of Venus, Botticelli