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The Renaissance 1300s-1600s A rebirth of classic Greek & Roman learning which produced new attitudes towards culture and learning. It had a new emphasis on individual achievement where men explored the richness & variety of human experience in the here and now. (Watch Video on the Renaissance) Citation (MLA) All About the Renaissance, Part One: Historical Background, Beginnings, and Art. United Learning. 2004. unitedstreaming. 5 April 2006 <http://www.unitedstreaming.com/> Italian City-states Florence Genoa Milan Naples Papal States Sicily Venice Central Mediterranean location Why Italy? Merchant trade Pax Romana ruins Humanism Intellectual movement of the Renaissance Focused on worldly, secular, subjects rather than on the religious issues that had occupied medieval thinkers Studia Humanitas (study of the humanities): grammar, rhetoric, poetry and history based on Greek & Roman texts How would this shift in thinking affect the people of the Renaissance? City-states: Florence Renaissance Architecture (Florence): Filippo Brunelleschi’s Dome Renaissance Architecture (Florence): The Palazzo Medici courtyard The Medicis of Florence Prominent banking business (& textiles) Cosimo de Medici gained control of Florence in 1434 – Graduated income tax (wealthier citizens paid more) – Used the tax revenue to improve the city (sewers & paved streets) Lorenzo de Medici “The Magnificent” 1469-1492 – Patron (supporter) of artists, philosophers, writers & public festivals Another patron of the arts: Pope Julius II, Renaissance prince Renaissance Architecture (Venice): Central dome of St. Mark's Basilica Renaissance Architecture (Papal): Transept & part of St. Peter’s dome Which Renaissance artist was the greatest? Donatello (1386 -1466) The Feast of Herod St. John the Evangelist David The Martyrdom of St. Lawrence Botticelli (1445-1510) La Primavera Madonna of the Book Madonna of the Magnificat The Birth of Venus Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) The Last Supper Self Portrait Helicopter Mona Lisa Testa di Fanciulla Womb Vitruvian Man Michelangelo (1475-1564) Pieta David Moses Sistine Chapel Raphael (1483-1520) Cowper Virgin Cherubini The School of Athens Renaissance Literature Desiderius Erasmus The Praise of Folly (1509) Nicollò Machiavelli The Prince (1513) Sir Thomas Moore Utopia (1518) Baldassare Castiglione The Book of the Courtier (1528) William Shakespeare – 37 plays: Romeo & Juliet, Othello, Hamlet, etc. (1590-1613) Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote (1605) Nicollò Machiavelli’s The Prince Wrote The Prince in 1513 “How to” book Dedicated it to Lorenzo Di Piero De' Medici (grandson of Lorenzo the Magnificent) “It is better to be feared than loved” “The ends justify the means” Nicollò Machiavelli Lorenzo Di Piero De' Medici