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THE RENAISSANCE: THE BEGINNING NOTES Have filled out and signed planners on desk for me to check. You will need your timeline and important people sheet Bellwork for 3/13 What are five words that come to mind when you hear/think about the Renaissance? Silk Road, Marco Polo, and the Renaissance In the 1200s, the Mongols reopened the Silk Road, reviving trade between China and Europe. Most famous traveler was Marco Polo of Venice, Italy. He arrived in 1275 and stayed for 17 years. He was a favored guest of Kublai Khan, employed as a diplomat and was sent on missions throughout the Mongol Empire. When Polo finally came back to Europe, he told of his travels in a book. Some didn’t believe it. On deathbed asked to admit his lies. He said he had describe only half of what he had seen. Things to Ponder Read question, think of answer, and write it down. Write class’s answer. How did the Silk Road and Marco Polo’s travels help lead to the Renaissance in Europe? The Renaissance Emerges In Italy, peasants and nobles flocked to the towns for better living. The nobles began marrying the merchant middle class and formed a new urban aristocracy. Lived in town, using wealth to build and beautify the city. Learning started to grow interest outside of theology, like in law, medicine, and science (subjects already being studied in Moorish Spain) 1300s-these trends came together to begin the Renaissance, a cultural revival or “rebirth” Think, Pair, Share Read question, think of answer, and when prompted, share with your partner. Write class’s answer. What does Marco Polo and the nobility mentioned in the previous slide have in common? What does this tell you about where the Renaissance started? Florence, Italy, and the Renaissance Italy was several city-states who served as a trading crossroads between Europe and rest of known world The growth of trade promoted a free flow of ideas, opening minds to new ways of thinking and doing Urban nobility became patrons, supporting artists. Florence was major trade route stop and banking center, most powerful banking family being the Medici family. Medicis supported much art and architecture and built many Churches in Florence Let’s Get Artistic and Creative In your notes, draw a comic strip that explains how Italy and trade helped start and spread the Renaissance. FINAL THOUGHT Its FRIDAY!!! What is one good thing that happened to you this week? THE RENAISSANCE: LIFE CHANGES NOTES Turn in last week’s bellwork and get a new one Bellwork for 3/16 Based off of Friday’s notes, explain how the Renaissance began? Different Perspectives Middle Ages, focused on faith but Renaissance revived Greek & Roman thought, believing humans & world deserved as much thought as God. Three new ways of thought: 1.) Humanism-cultural movement based on the study of classical works. Believed learning led to better earthly life rather than serving solely as preparation for eternity. 2.) Secularism-view that religion need not be the center of human affairs. Life opportunity for enjoyment vs. Middle Age painful pilgrimage 3.) Individualism-individual more important than the larger community. Middle Ages, focus on manors’ needs. Compare and Contrast Create a two column table, comparing and contrasting the way of thought in the Middle Ages to the way of thought during the Renaissance Different Daily Life In the Middle Ages, educated people talked, wrote, and read in Latin. They attended universities to become doctors, lawyers, and priests. During the Renaissance, more books were written in the vernacular (everyday spoken language of the people). Led to an increase in literacy. In the Middle Ages, year based on the seasons and events of the Church. Calendar used was the Julian calendar, established in ancient Rome by Julius Caesar. Early 1560s, Pope Gregory XIII worked to correct the Julian calendar and 10 years later, developed the Gregorian calendar that we use today. Think, Pair, Share Read the question, think of your answer, when prompted share answer with your group. Write classes’ answer France and Spain adopted the new calendar almost immediately, Britain didn’t adopted until 1752. And Greece didn’t follow it until 1923. Why do you think France and Spain used it so quickly while Britain and Greece didn’t? Different Art Art began to change focus from religious to secular. At first, Renaissance art was religious but with a twist. The Journey of the Magi, painting of wise men journey but it was commissioned by the Medici’s so, includes portraits of the family as if they were actually there. Eventually art focused on Greek and Roman mythology themes, individual portraits, self-portraits, landscapes and daily life. Middle Ages artists focus on God, not the human figure or the world. Renaissance art centered on realism and the living world. Used live models to draw or sculpt the human form, showed wide range of emotions. Compare and Contrast Below are two paintings of Mary and the infant Jesus. The left is from the Middle Ages; the right from the Renaissance. What difference do you notice between the two paintings? FINAL THOUGHT Did the Renaissance completely shun religion? Explain. THE RENAISSANCE: PRINTING AND THE CHURCH NOTES Group C, hand out some graded work You will need your timeline and important people sheet Bellwork for 3/17 How do you think the Church is going to respond to differences happening in the Renaissance? The Printing Revolution In 1200s, block printing traveled from China to Europe through Muslim traders. Block printing-text of a book page was carved into a block of wood but was time-consuming and expensive. Block used only a few times Johann Gutenburg invented movable metal type, where individual letters formed in metal could be used again and again. Things to Ponder Read the question, think of your answer, and write your answer down. Write the classes’ answer. What do you think the effects of Gutenburg’s press would be on everyday people? Reading and Ideas 1455 Gutenberg published the Bible and, because printed Bibles were less expensive than handwritten ones, many learned to read using these Bibles Before this, fewer than half of all men maybe 1 out of ten women could read. Eventually more than just bibles were being printed. Got travelers’ accounts, government decrees, broadsheets (early newspapers) Reading and literacy allowed people to experience selfexpression and forming their own opinions and ideas on matters. Think, Pair, Share Read the question, think of your answer, when prompted share answer with your group. Write classes’ answer So, if people can read, they start being able to think for themselves, forming their own opinions. How is self-expression going to affect the Church? The Church Reacts Because of self-expression, people began to criticize the Church. The Church made efforts to censor (remove material or prevent publication) what people read. Church officials published a list of prohibited books to guide censors whose job it was to approve or forbid works from being published. Once on the list, author’s future work would not be published, so many authors self-censored their work. Things to Ponder Read the question, think of your answer, and write your answer down. Be sure to write the classes’ answer. Your textbook said that “Censorship was seen as a way to reduce bad influences on people’s morality.” That is very noble of the Church. Why else do you think the Church would try to censor some works? FINAL THOUGHT So, reading leads to thinking and thinking can lead to questioning and questioning can lead to… THE RENAISSANCE: THE PEOPLE OF You will need your important people sheet Bellwork for 3/18 Name as many people you can that lived and thrived during the Renaissance Renaissance Man Research