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Download Chapter 17-18 Electricity and Magnetism
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Atoms can gain or lose ______________, electrons making charged particles. A charged object can exert a _____________ on other charged force objects. This depends on whether the charges are _____________ alike or __________________. different Law of Electric Charges: ________________________________ Like charges repel and opposite ______________________________________________________ charges attract. Electric Force: ______________________ The force between __________________________________ charged objects Electric Field: A _______________________ region around a charged ______________________________ particle that can exert a force ______________________________ on another charged particle ______________________________ Friction: When 2 objects are rubbed together, _____________ electrons can be wiped from one object to the other, causing the objects to be charged ______________. The one that loses electrons will be ___________ positively charged, and the one that gains electrons will be _____________ negatively charged. 1. Conduction - __________________________________________ Electrons are transferred from one object to another _______________________________________________________ by direct contact. 2. Induction - ____________________ Charges in an _______________________________ uncharged object are rearranged _______________________________ without direct contact with a _______________________________ charged object. When 3. Conservation of charge - _________ objects are charged by any method, _______________________________ no charges are created or destroyed. ______________________________ Electrons move from one atom to _______________________________ another, producing regions with different charges. ______________________________________ Conductors - _____________________________________________ A material in which charges can move easily Ex: ____________________________________________________ Most metals such as copper and aluminum, “tap” water Insulators: _______________________________________________ A material in which charges cannot easily move Rubber, plastic, wood, glass, air Ex: _____________________________________________________ Static electricity - __________________ The buildup of _________________________________ electric charges on an object. These _________________________________ charges do not move away from the _________________________________ object they are on. These objects which now have opposite attracted charges are ________________ to each other. Electric discharge - _________________ The loss of static _________________________________ electricity as it moves off an object This can occur slowly as clothes from the dryer transfer their ______________ to water droplets in the air. charges shock lightning It can also occur quickly as in a _____________ or _____________. Circuits - A _______________________________________________ complete, closed path through which electric charges _______________________________________________________ flow. A device that uses electrical energy to do work. It causes Load - _________________________________________________ electric energy to change into a different form of energy. _______________________________________________________ electrical kinetic Ex: A fan changes _________________ energy into _____________ energy (energy of _____________) motion when the blades turn. Switch - part of a _____________ made of 2 pieces of ___________ circuit conducting material, one which _____________ to turn the circuit on and off. moves Switch If the switch is open, the charges will ______ NOT flow. When the switch is closed, charges will flow. Types of circuits: 1. Series circuits - A _________________ circuit in which ________________________________ all parts are connected in a ________________________________ single loop. Charges traveling through a series circuit must flow through ______ _________ all parts and can only flow through ________ _____. one path All _________ in a series circuit share the loads same _____________. All __________ current light ____________ glow with the same brightness. bulbs 2. Parallel circuits - _______________ a circuit in _______________________________ which different loads are located _______________________________ on separate branches. Charges travel through more than one path _________. Loads do not have the same __________ but use the same ________. current voltage All bulbs will glow with ________ same brightness. Magnets - Any _____________________________________________ material that attracts iron or materials containing ______________________________________________________ iron Poles - ________________________________________________ The parts of magnets where the magnetic effects are the ______________________________________________________ strongest a. When free to move, one end of a magnet will always point __________. This is the magnet’s _________ north north ___________. pole b. The opposite end of the magnet is called the _________ south __________. pole Magnetic force - the force of _____________ or ____________ repulsion attraction between the poles of magnets. Like poles ________ like poles, and opposite poles ___________. attract repel Magnetic field - the region around a magnet in magnetic __________ forces which __________ can act. The stronger ________ closer the magnetic field lines, the _________ poles the magnetic force. This is strongest at the ______. If you cut a magnet in half, you will _____ NOT get a north pole magnet and a south pole magnet. You will get _______ smaller magnets, each with their 2 own _________________________________. north and south poles The _________ Earth is a large magnet with its south pole near the _______________ ________ _______ geographic north pole and its north pole near the _______________ _________ _______. geographic south pole Magnetism and Electricity - Hans Christian Oersted discovered that an ___________ __________ produces a electric current magnetic field, and the direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of the _______________. current Electromagnetism - ____________________ the interaction between _____________________________________ electricity and magnetism The magnetic field produced by electrical _____________ can be strengthened by current electromagnet a ______________ or an ________________. solenoid Solenoids - __________________________ A coil of wire that produces ____________________________________ a magnetic field when carrying ____________________________________ an electric current The strength of the magnetic field produced increases with the ____________ of loops in number the coil. Electromagnet - Consists ____________________ of a solenoid __________________________________ wrapped around an iron core. The magnetic field of an electromagnet may hundreds be ____________ of times stronger than solenoid alone. the field of the ________ Uses of electromagnets: 1. _____________________________ Mag-lev trains 2. _____________________________ Salvage yard lifting machinery Doorbells 3. _____________________________ Electric motors 4. _____________________________ Electricity can generate a magnetic field. ____________ Magnets can also generate _________________. This happens by ______________ electricity electromagnetic ______________, where a ____________ is produced when the induction current changes magnetic field ____________. This happens when either: 1. _______________________________ Moving a magnet in a coil of wire _________________________________ 2. ________________________________ Moving a wire between the poles of __________________________________ a magnet Uses for Electromagnetic Induction: _________________________________ Generators making alternating current. This is the kind of electricity delivered to your home. Atoms can gain or lose ______________, making charged particles. A charged object can exert a _____________ on other charged objects. This depends on whether the charges are _____________ or __________________. Law of Electric Charges: ________________________________ . ______________________________________________________ Electric Force: ______________________ __________________________________ Electric Field: _______________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ Friction: When 2 objects are rubbed together, _____________ can be wiped from one object to the other, causing the objects to be ______________. The one that loses electrons will be ___________ charged, and the one that gains electrons will be _____________ charged. 1. Conduction - __________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 2. Induction - ____________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ 3. Conservation of charge - _________ _______________________________ ______________________________ _______________________________ ______________________________________ Conductors - _____________________________________________ Ex: ____________________________________________________ Insulators: _______________________________________________ Ex: _____________________________________________________ Static electricity - __________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ These objects which now have opposite charges are ________________ to each other. Electric discharge - _________________ _________________________________ This can occur slowly as clothes from the dryer transfer their ______________ to water droplets in the air. It can also occur quickly as in a _____________ or _____________. Circuits - _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Load - _________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Ex: A fan changes _________________ energy into _____________ energy (energy of _____________) when the blades turn. Switch - part of a _____________ made of 2 pieces of ___________ material, one which _____________ to turn the circuit on and off. Switch If the switch is open, the charges will ______ flow. When the switch is closed, charges will flow. Types of circuits: 1. Series circuits - _________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ Charges traveling through a series circuit must flow through ______ _________ and can only flow through ________ _____. All _________ in a series circuit share the same _____________. All __________ ____________ glow with the same brightness. 2. Parallel circuits - _______________ _______________________________ _______________________________ Charges travel through more than one _________. Loads do not have the same __________ but use the same ________. All bulbs will glow with ________ brightness. Magnets - _____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Poles - ________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ a. When free to move, one end of a magnet will always point __________. This is the magnet’s _________ ___________. b. The opposite end of the magnet is called the _________ __________. Magnetic force - the force of _____________ or ____________ between the poles of magnets. Like poles ________ like poles, and opposite poles ___________. Magnetic field - the region around a magnet in which __________ __________ can act. The ________ the magnetic field lines, the _________ the magnetic force. This is strongest at the ______. If you cut a magnet in half, you will _____ get a north pole magnet and a south pole magnet. You will get _______ smaller magnets, each with their own _________________________________. The _________ is a large magnet with its south pole near the _______________ ________ _______ and its north pole near the _______________ _________ _______. Magnetism and Electricity - Hans Christian Oersted discovered that an ___________ __________ produces a magnetic field, and the direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of the _______________. Electromagnetism - ____________________ _____________________________________ The magnetic field produced by electrical _____________ can be strengthened by a ______________ or an ________________. Solenoids - __________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ The strength of the magnetic field produced increases with the ____________ of loops in the coil. Electromagnet. - ____________________ __________________________________ The magnetic field of an electromagnet may be ____________ of times stronger than the field of the ________ alone. Uses of electromagnets: 1. _____________________________ 2. _____________________________ 3. _____________________________ 4. _____________________________ Electricity can generate a magnetic field. ____________ can also generate _________________. This happens by ______________ ______________, where a ____________ is produced when the magnetic field ____________. This happens when either: 1. _______________________________ _________________________________ 2. ________________________________ __________________________________ Uses for Electromagnetic Induction: _________________________________ This is the kind of electricity delivered to your home.