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Transcript
Chapter 3 The patterns of single gene inheritance Part 2 Dr. Hosseini-Asl; Dentistry; ARUMS; 1391 1 Holandric inheritance Y-linked Male to male inheritance 2 Holandric inheritance 3 Holandric trait 4 Mitochondrial inheritance • Maternal inheritance • Cytoplasmic inheritance 5 6 Mitochondrial inheritance 7 • Homoplasm • Heteroplasm 8 • Sex-influenced traits • Sex-limited traits 9 10 Coefficient of inbreeding (f, r) In population genetics, Sewall Wright's coefficient of relationship or coefficient of relatedness or relatedness or r is a measure for the level of consanguinity between two given individuals. The coefficient of inbreeding is calculated for a single individual, and is a measure for the amount of pedigree collapse within that individual's genealogy. The coefficient of correlation as defined by Wright (1922) is derived from the definition of the coefficient of inbreeding f as defined in Wright (1921). The purpose of such a coefficient is to express the likelihood of effects due to inbreeding to be expected based on a known pedigree (i.e. a fully documented genealogy e.g. due to a fixed system of breeding). The coefficient introduced by Wright (1921) expresses the expected percentage of homozygosity arising from a given system of breeding. For a given gene with dominant and recessive variants A and a, a random-bred stock will be 50% homozygous (25% AA and 25% aa), while a closely inbred population will be 100% homozygous (100% AA or 100% aa). The coefficient of inbreeding f is thus designed to run from 0 for an expected 50% homozygosis to111 for an expected 100% homozygosis, f=2h-1, where h is the chance of finding homozygosis in this gene. 12