Download + “Cut DNA” - Manhasset Schools

Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Topic: Biotechnology Introduction
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What is biotechnology?
2) What is a genome?
3) What is a gene?
4) What is DNA technology?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
5) Why would altering DNA affect our characteristics/traits?
6) What are some examples of DNA Technology?
7) Scientists often use bacteria and viruses in DNA technology.
a) How do bacteria reproduce?
b) Does that lead to variation in offspring?
8) How do bacteria have genetic variation?
a) Conjugation-
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
b) Transformation-
c) Transduction-
9) What is the Human Genome Project?
10) Steps of the Human Genome Project:
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Topic: Genetic Engineering 1
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What is genetic engineering?
2) Why would scientists want to alter the genetic instructions of organisms?
3) How is DNA modified?
a) Step 1:
..ATGAATTCT..
+ ..TACTTAAGA..
..ATGAATTCT..
..TACTTAAGA..
DNA
b) Step 2:
AGTTATTC
A
GTTATTC
TCAATAA
TCAATAAG
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G
Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Restriction Enzymes-
What base sequences were these restriction enzymes for?
GCATTACGTT
G
CATTAC
GTT
CGTAATGCAA
C
GTAATG
CAA
ATGAATTCT
ATG
TACTTAAGA
AATTCT
TACTTAA
GA
c) Step 3:
AATTCT
TACTTAA
+
AAGTACT
GATTCAT
AATTCTAAGTACT
TACTTAAGATTCAT
What do we call DNA that comes from 2 sources?
What is gene splicing?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
d) Step 4:
“Cut DNA”
+
“Cut DNA”
What will the recombined DNA do?
4) Applications of Genetic Engineering:
a)
b)
c)
d)
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Topic: Genetic Engineering 2
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) Scientists genetically alter the DNA of bacteria to produce human proteins.
a) How many pieces of DNA do you see?
b) What are they called?
2) Bacterial Chromosome vs. Human Chromosome:
3) What are plasmids?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
4) How can we alter the genetic instructions of bacteria to produce human insulin?
5) Scientists can also genetically alter foods:
a)
b)
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Topic: Selective Breeding
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What is meant by breeding?
2) What is meant by selective?
3) Can you now define selective breeding?
4) Types of Selective Breeding:
a) Hybridization/Crossbreeding-
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
b) Inbreeding-
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
c) Mass Selection-
5) What are some benefits of selective breeding?
6) Genetic Engineering vs. Selective Breeding:
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Topic: GMOs & Gene Therapy
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
2) What are the benefits to genetically modify plants and animals?
3) Examples of GM Plants:
a) Golden Rice-
b) Sweet Corn-
4) How do scientists genetically modify plants?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
5) What are the risks of GMOs?
6) What is Gene Therapy?
7) How is it done?
8) Challenges of Gene Therapy:
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Topic: DNA Fingerprinting
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) Why do we fingerprint?
2) Why is DNA used to identify people?
3) What is a Genetic Marker?
ATTGCCTAGG - Individual 1
ATTGCCATGG - Individual 2
4) How do scientists make a DNA Fingerprint?
1) Where can scientists find the DNA?
2) What if you find only a little DNA?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
5) Gel Electrophoresis:
DNA Fingerprint Questions:
Gel Electrophoresis
1) What is the charge of the DNA?
2) Where would we find the smallest DNA
fragments?
DNA
from CS
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Suspect A
__
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__
3) Why do we get different banding patterns for
each individual?
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4) Which suspect was at the crime scene?
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__
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Suspect B
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Suspect C
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
Topic: Cloning
Aim # _____:____________________________________________________________________________________
1) What is a clone?
2) Do the cells of our body make exact copies of themselves?
3) What process ensures that the offspring will be genetically identical?
4) Asexual Reproduction:
XX
XX
Parent
XX
Offspring
XX
XX
XX
a) How many parents?
b) How does the genetic information between the parent and offspring compare?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
5) Cloning vs. Asexual Reproduction:
a) Cloning is a technique that accomplishes the same end result as ______________________ reproduction.
b) What is the end result?
6) Can we clone organisms that normally reproduce sexually?
7) Steps of Cloning:
8) Why clone?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
9) How are identical twins formed?
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10) Why do identical twins look alike?
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Name__________________________________________________________ Date____________ Period________
11) How are fraternal twins formed?
12) Why do fraternal twins look different?
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