Download Kingdom Animalia Review Answer Key

Biology 20
Name:
1
Kingdom Animalia Review
Outcomes:
- Describe Characteristics of the Major Animal Phyla
- Describe Social, Innate and Learned Behaviour in Animals
Definitions (Matching on the Exam):
Sec 34-4
Sperm
Egg
Blastula
Blastocoel
Blastopore
Gastrulation
Gastrula
Archenterons
Endoderm
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Coelom
Protostomes
Spiral Cleavage
Deuterstomes
Radial Cleavage
Determinante Cleavage
Indeterminate Cleavage
Schizocoely
Enterocoely
Acoelomate
Pseudocoelomate
Coelomate
Sec 34-3
Segmentation
Exoskeleton
Gas Exchange
Gills
Circulatory System
Open Circulatory System
Closed Circulatory
System
Gut
Hermaphrodites
Indirect Development
Larva
Direct Development
Endoskeleton
Vertebrae
Integument
Lungs
Kidneys
Oviparous
Yolk
Shell (egg)
Ovoviviparous
Viviparous
Viviparous
Sec 34-2
Symmetry
Radial Symmetry
Dorsal
Ventral
Anterior
Posterior
Bilateral Symmetry
Sec 34-1
Specialization
Tissue
Cell Junctions
Organ
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Ingestion
Cephalization
Germ Layers
Invertebrate
Chordate
Notochord
Dorsal Nerve Cord
Pharyngeal Pouches
Postanal Tail
Vertebrate
Behaviour
Social Behaviour
Learned Behaviour
Innate Behaviour
Digestion
Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
Zygote
Development
Differentiation
Nervous Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Neuron
Short Answer:
1. What is “tissue” and what are two types found only in animals?
nervous and muscle tissue. Group of cells that work together to perform a specific function.
2. Explain the difference between specialization and differentiation?
The process in which the enlarging mass of dividing cells undergoes differentiation.
The adaptation of a cell for a particular function.
Biology 20
Name:
2
3. Contrast innate behaviour with learned behaviour and explain why it can be complicated at times to
separate them (3).
a behaviour that proved to be beneficial and the organism would benefit from repeating.
instinctive behaviour that occurs without previous learning of that response. “inheritance”
4. Outline the process of gastrulation from where the blastula (the hollow ball of cells) has developed up
until the formation of the mesoderm (6). Be sure to include the three different germ layers created in
this process and what these germs layers typically “turn into” in a full grown organism (6). Use an
analogy to support your answer if necessary.
Endoderm (internal organs), mesoderm (muscle/nervous), ectoderm (skin)
5. Development - Outline the differences between the development processes of protostomes and
deuterostomes:
a. in what way/arrangement do their cell divisions take place (2),
b. what type of cleavage they have (2),
c. what their processes of mesoderm formation are called (2),
d. what develops first in each group (2).
e. Which of the two development processes are present in humans (2)? It may help to create a chart to
outline this.
Biology 20
Name:
3
Protostome – determinate, schizocoely, spiral, mouth first
Deuterstome – indeterminate, entercoely, radial, anus first
Present in humans
6. List at least five different “systems”/characteristics of animals and provide a description of what they
involve (10)?
Digestive, Excretory, Circulatory, Respiratory, Reproduction, Body Support, Integument
7. Describe differences between oviparous, ovoviviparous, and viviparous egg development and provide
an example of an animal that practices each (6)
Ovi – lay an egg outside body – chicken
Ovovivi – egg inside body - snake
Vivi – live offspring - human
8. Draw a picture of a gastrula - outlining where the archenteron, blastopore, endoderm, ectoderm,
blastocoel are – state what the archenteron becomes as development progresses (10).
Gut cavity – archenteron.
Biology 20
Name:
4
Charts/Diagrams –
1.
List the major animal phyla as discussed in class, state whether it is a vertebrate or invertebrate,
what it’s symmetry is and then provide an example of an organism from that group.
Phylum
Invertebrate or
Vertebrate
Symmetry
Organism Example
Chordata
Vertebrate
Bilateral
Humans
Invertebrate
asymmetrical
Sponges
Invertebrate
Radial
Jellyfish
Invertebrate
Bilateral
Flatworm
Invertebrate
Bilateral
Squid!
Invertebrate
Bilateral
Earthworm!
Invertebrate
Bilateral
Lobster, spider, ant
Invertebrate
Bilateral
roundworm
Porifera
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Mollusca
Annelida
Arthropoda
Nematoda
Biology 20
Name:
2. There are three types of body cavities; using the pictures below, name the body cavity, define it
briefly and provide an example of a phyla with that particular body cavity.
A.
Definition: acoelomate – no body cavity
Example: - flatworms
B.
Definition: coelomate – body cavity present
Example: Human
C.
Definition: pseudocoelom – fluid filled body cavity with mesoderm partially lining the outside
Example: roundworm
5
Biology 20
Name:
6
3. In the organism pictured below identify its posterior and anterior end, it’s dorsal and ventral side, as
well as the region where an increased amount of nervous tissue is located and what that increased area
in animals is called and what phylum this particular animal belongs to (6).
Bonus: What genus does it belong to?